Category: Turntable

  • 10 Vintage Amplifiers for Turntables We Bet You Would Like

    10 Vintage Amplifiers for Turntables We Bet You Would Like

    If you own or are looking for a turntable, it means that you appreciate a good, smooth sound, and you enjoy high-quality sound systems. It also means that you need an amplifier, in which case you might be considering choosing a vintage one. So what are the best vintage amplifiers for you out there?

    Here’s a list of some vintage turntable amplifiers that are generally considered to be among the best.

    1. NAD 3020
    2. Marantz 2270
    3. Pioneer SX-1250
    4. Yamaha CR-1020
    5. Sugden A21
    6. Mission Cyrus 2
    7. A&R A60
    8. Audiolab 8000A
    9. Creek CAS4040
    10. Naim NAIT

    This article elaborates on the features that make these vintage amplifiers the best choice for your turntable. We’ll also give you some useful points to consider before choosing a vintage amplifier. 

    Factors To Consider

    Amplifiers are essentially devices that boost (or indeed, amplify) the power of a signal. You need an amplifier to have a strong enough signal to drive the speakers. 

    An amplifier with an AM/FM radio tuner built-in (an integrated amplifier) is called a receiver. In order to choose the option that would best suit your needs, you should keep in mind where your priorities lie when looking for an amplifier.

    Some important amplifier features that you might want to consider before making an expensive purchase are:

    • Power (measured in Watts): the maximum power that an amplifier can extrude.
    • Headroom: the extent to which an amplifier can reproduce sudden, very loud sounds.
    • Distortion: anything that degrades the signal and, consequently, the sound’s quality.
    • Output Impedance: the amount of restriction of a speaker to the power of an amplifier.
    • Frequency Response: the extent to which the output of the amplifier is affected by the frequency of the signal received by the input terminal.

    All of these features contribute to the quality of the sound and the general experience of  enjoying music recordings. Once you know the characteristics of an amplifier, all you need is to review your options. Nowadays, a lot of audiophiles choose vintage amplifiers, and not just because they’re cool and interesting to look at.

    New isn’t always better when it comes to hi-fi. There are a lot of vintage amplifiers that not only work perfectly but are also aesthetically pleasing while being reasonably priced. Having said that, before you choose to go the vintage route, you need to make sure that the amplifier is in good condition and safe to use.

    So what are the best vintage amplifiers for turntables out there?

    Best Overall: NAD 3020 

    Specifications:

    • Power output: 20 watts per channel into 8Ω (stereo)
    • Frequency response: 10 Hz to 70 kHz.
    • Total harmonic distortion: 0.02%
    • Input sensitivity: 2.5mV (MM), 150mV (line)
    • Signal to noise ratio: 75 dB (MM), 110 dB (line)
    • Dimensions: 420 x 96 x 240 mm (17 x 4 x 9 in)
    • Weight: 5.26 kg (11.60 lbs)
    • Year: 1978
    • Price: c.$150

    NAD 3020 is probably one of the most classic and well-known vintage amplifiers. It was a game-changer for amplifiers in many ways, and it became one of the best-selling integrated amplifiers.

    The power output of NAD 3020 is among the lowest and yet it can outperform speakers with a much higher power level. This is thanks to the design of the power supply system that allows it to perform exceedingly well with more complex speakers.

    NAD 3020 is the best example of a high-quality budget amplifier. The sound is soft and sweet, and the bass is incredible. These qualities also make it ideal for those buying an amplifier for the first time who want to experience its benefits without making a risky investment. 

    This amplifier has a notable feature called “Soft Clipping,” which limits the output of the amplifier in cases when it’s being pushed to higher volume levels. This way, the sounds stay cleaner and softer, avoiding distortion.

    It’s hard to find better features and value when it comes to the under $200 price point, this is why the NAD 3020 takes the best overall title.

    Marantz 2270 Stereo Receiver

    Specifications:

    • Power output: 70 W per channel into 8Ω (stereo)
    • Frequency response: 7Hz to 50kHz
    • Total harmonic distortion: 0.3%
    • Input sensitivity: 1.8mV (MM), 180mV (line)
    • Speaker load impedance: 4Ω to 16Ω
    • Dimensions: 17-21/64 x 5-25/64 x 14 inches (356 mm)
    • Weight: 38.5 lbs (174.6 kg)
    • Year: 1973
    • Price: $550 – $1300

    Marantz is well known for building some of the finest pieces of hi-fi, especially its 2200 series of receivers. Audiophiles regard Marantz receivers as some of the best, being able to go against even modern amps nowadays.

    Marantz 2270’s sound is rich, full, and warm, ideal especially for orchestral recordings; reviewers say it feels like it fills the whole room. The design is unique and quite memorable with the blue backlit dials and the aluminum faceplates. Its combination of features make it ideal for more experienced users and collectors looking to find the finest options the market has to offer.

    When it comes to the price, the Marantz 2270 is among the more expensive Amplifiers, which makes it a true investment piece. You might find one in pretty good condition at around $550, but others are valued at more than $1200. While it might be costlier than others, it’s relatively easy to find replacement parts if you would like to service it..

    Pioneer SX-1250 Stereo Receiver

    Specifications:

    • Power output: 160 watts per channel into 8Ω (stereo)
    • Frequency response: 10Hz to 50kHz
    • Total harmonic distortion: 0.1%
    • Speaker load impedance: 4Ω (minimum)
    • Dimensions: 556 x 186.5 x 464.5 mm (22 x 7.3 x 18.3 in)
    • Weight: 29.2 kg (64.4 lbs)
    • Year: 1976
    • Price: $800 – $3700

    A beast from the 1970s, the Pioneer SX-1250 is a high-quality receiver with plenty of power and a sleek, vintage design. The sound is clear and detailed. The sound quality is superb, and the wood-side panels with the silver faceplate make this receiver a classic. It’s quite large and heavy, a testament to the tendency of manufacturers’ wattage wars at the time for big, powerful amps.

    The price varies, but it’s possible to find it on sale. One downside is that some of them need restoration and new parts, because at the moment they’re more than 40 years old. 

    The good news is that finding Pioneer SX-1250 parts in decent condition isn’t as challenging as you may think. 

    However, you can also find some options in perfect condition, which are reasonably much more expensive.

    Yamaha CR-1020

    Specifications:

    • Power output: 70 watts per channel into 8Ω (stereo)
    • Frequency response: 10Hz to 100kHz
    • Total harmonic distortion: 0.05%
    • Input sensitivity: 2mV (MM), 120mV (line)
    • Signal to noise ratio: 81dB (MM), 100dB (line)
    • Output: 120mV (line)
    • Speaker load impedance: 4Ω to 16Ω
    • Dimensions: 540 x 167 x 415 mm (21.3 x 6.6 x 16.3 in)
    • Weight: 18.8 kg (41.4 lbs)
    • Tuning range: FM, MW
    • Year: 1977
    • Price: $800-$1200

    Yamaha CR-1020 was introduced in the late 1970s and to this day is regarded as a great, high-quality piece of hi-fi. It’s known for the excellent quality of sound as well as the famous

    “loudness” dial that Yamaha amplifiers were known for at the time.

    Although modest in terms of power, the CR-1020 has a full, clean, and detailed sound.

    The bass is impressive, and the drums sound incredibly full. You might like the loudness control dial, which gives you a bass boost at low volume.

    The CR-1020 is particularly good-looking and unique compared to most amplifiers. Its silver fronts with analog power meters and the vintage wood side panels give it a distinct appearance.

    Like the Marantz, this amplifier can also be quite expensive compared to most vintage amplifiers, though the price will depend on the condition. You can find CR-1020s in good condition at $800 to $1200.

    Sugden A21

    ​Specifications:

    • Power Output: 23 Watts into 8 Ohms
    • Frequency Response: +/-1dB 10Hz-20kHz
    • Signal to Noise: 70dB (MM), 70dB (ceramic), 80dB (line)
    • Phono Input Sensitivity: 3mV/mm, 0.2mV/mc for max. output
    • Dimensions: 393 x 127 x 228 mm (15.5 x 5 x 9 inches)
    • Gross Weight: 11 kg (24 lbs)
    • Year: 1969
    • Price: c. $200

    The Sugden A21 is another high-quality amplifier dating back to the late sixties. Nowadays, you might recognize the name from some later models, but the one I want to talk about is the 1969 one.

    The Sugden A21 provides a sharp, clear sound with a lot of depth to it and remarkable bass quality. Although it’s rated at a much lower power level than others, it can hold its own among competitors. The Sugden A21 is relatively small compared to a lot of amplifiers. The design is simplistic but elegant.

    The prices at which you can find the Sugden A21 are pretty reasonable, especially compared to other vintage amplifiers. One disadvantage is that it uses DIN connectors, which can create problems with connectivity in the long run.

    Mission Cyrus 2

    Specifications:

    • Power output: 50 watts per channel into 8Ω (stereo)
    • Frequency response: 1Hz to 50kHz
    • Total harmonic distortion: 0.003%
    • Input sensitivity: 0.2mV (MC), 3mV (MM), 50mV (line)
    • Signal to noise ratio: 75dB (MC), 84dB (MM), 86dB (line)
    • Dimensions: 85 x 215 x 345 mm (3 x 8 x 14 in)
    • Weight: 5 kg (11 lbs)
    • Finish: black / grey
    • Year: 1984
    • Price: c. $350

    Cyrus 2 is a stylish amplifier from the 1980s that immediately catches your eye. It features a significant improvement from its predecessor, Cyrus 1, with increased headroom and power.

    The sound of Cyrus 2 is lively, powerful, and quite precise. It performs well enough to compare with modern amplifiers. The case has a unique look with incredible paintwork. All these features come at a pretty reasonable price point, which means the amplifier will deliver a lot of value for your investment..

    One major advantage of Cyrus 2 is the fact that the company is still committed to servicing even the earliest models in order to bring them back to life. Therefore finding parts and maintenance services is significantly easier than with other alternatives. 

    A&R A60

    Specifications:

    • Power output: 40 watts per channel into 8 ohms (stereo)
    • Frequency response: 20Hz to 20kHz
    • Total harmonic distortion: 0.2%
    • Input sensitivity: 0.1mV (MC), 2mV (MM), 100mV (line)
    • Signal to noise ratio: 63dB (MC), 70dB (MM), 85dB (line)
    • Dimensions: 450 x 255 x 60 mm (18 x 10 x 2 in)
    • Weight: 5 kg (11 lbs)
    • Year: 1977
    • Price: c. $70

    The A&R A60 is another affordable amplifier from 1977. It’s an excellent classic with good

    sound and an impressive built-in phono stage.

    The sound is smooth and powerful without being too harsh or abrasive. The bass is superb, although it doesn’t exactly pack a punch the way some contemporaries in the same price range do. The A60 impresses with an eye-catching, sleek, and retro design when it comes to design.

    The A&R A60 is very affordable; you may find earlier versions with DIN sockets at around $30, or you can spend a little more for later, more sophisticated versions. Either way, it can be an excellent starting point from which you can move onto more sophisticated models. Therefore if you’re looking to buy your first amplifier, this might be the ideal choice.

    Audiolab 8000A

    Specifications:

    • Power output: 60 watts per channel into 8Ω (stereo)
    • Frequency response: 20Hz to 20kHz
    • Total harmonic distortion: 0.05%
    • Input sensitivity: 0.11mV (MC), 2mV (MM), 100mV (line)
    • Signal to noise ratio: 75dB (MC), 78dB (MM), 80dB (line)
    • Speaker load impedance: 4Ω to 16Ω
    • Dimensions: 445 x 74 x 335 mm (18 x 3 x 13 in)
    • Weight: 7.6 kg (16.8 lbs)
    • Year: 1985
    • Price: c. $300

    Audiolab 8000A is a powerful, high-quality amplifier with a clear and cohesive sound. It first came out in the 1980s, but it was produced by Audiolab until the 90s, so you may find newer versions.

    The sound of 8000A is very powerful and dynamic, although it can get harsh if pushed too hard. The design includes many exciting features, and the tone controls are excellent.

    A disadvantage of 8000A is that sometimes the quality of connections and sockets

    might be poor, and it might need servicing.

    Creek CAS4040

    Specifications:

    • Power output: 30 watts per channel into 8Ω (stereo)
    • Frequency response: 20Hz to 20kHz
    • Input sensitivity: 2.5mV (MM), 250mV (line)
    • Signal to noise ratio: 79dB (MM), 79dB (line)
    • Dimensions: 420 x 60 x 185 mm (17 x 2 x 7 in)
    • Weight: 4.4 kg (9.7 lbs)
    • Year: 1983
    • Price: c.$90

    This amplifier is known for its very soft and smooth sound. It came out in the early 1980s, and even when it was introduced, it was presented as a high-quality amplifier at a more reasonable price than most. For a budget amplifier, it was incredibly popular and managed to stand apart from the rest at the time.

    CAS4040 has a sweet musical sound, much smoother than most of its competition at the time. It is powerful and dynamic enough for its size. Some disadvantages of the original included a high level of distortion at times, which was then remedied in the subsequent units produced.

    You can find a CAS4040 at excellent prices nowadays, ranging from $150 to $400.

    Naim NAIT

    Specifications:

    • Power: 13 watts per channel into 8 ohms
    • Features: mute switch, tape monitor switch, Solid-state integrated amplifier
    • Inputs: one tape monitor, one MM phono input, two line-level inputs
    • Dimensions: 206 x 286 x 76 mm (8 x 11 x 3 in)
    • Year: 1984
    • Price: c.$860

    Naim Nait is probably one of the most legendary pieces of hi-fi of all time. Introduced in 1983, the Nait was the subject of many debates because of its unique sound and design. Decades later, it’s still considered a legend and a favorite among integrated amplifiers.

    Nait’s sound is strong and dynamic, despite the low power output. The tone is warm, and the bass is dry. Nait shines in the high range, smoothing the edges, but it can be harsher in the mid-range.

    The design of the Naim Nait is elegant and simplistic; it’s a small, black aluminum case. It’s pretty expensive compared to other 1980s amps, but its unique sound makes it worth the money.

    Price Comparison

    Vintage AmpPrice
    NAD 3020 c. $150
    Marantz 2270 $550 – $1300
    Pioneer SX-1250 $800 – $3700
    Yamaha CR-1020$800-$1200
    Sugden A21c. $200
    Mission Cyrus 2c. $350
    A&R A60$70 – $150
    Audiolab 8000Ac. $300
    Creek CAS4040c.$150-$400
    Naim NAITc.$860

    As you can see, the price ranges from $70 to $3700, which is not unusual because we’re talking about vintage amplifiers. You might find much lower or higher prices at a vintage store near you, but these are the prices you will most likely encounter.

    The cheapest options would be A&R A60, Creek CAS4040, NAD 3020, and Sugden A21. Even though they’re relatively inexpensive, that doesn’t mean they won’t perform at the same level as the most expensive ones. These cheap turntable amplifiers are smaller and more compact than the others, but they produce high-quality sound nonetheless.

    Power Comparison

    Vintage AmpPower
    NAD 302020 W per channel into 8Ω
    Marantz 227070 W per channel into 8Ω
    Pioneer SX-1250 160 W per channel into 8Ω
    Yamaha CR-102070 W per channel into 8Ω
    Sugden A2123 W per channel into 8 Ω
    Mission Cyrus 2 50 W per channel into 8Ω
    A&R A6040 W per channel into 8Ω
    Audiolab 8000A60 W per channel into 8Ω
    Creek CAS404030 W per channel into 8Ω
    Naim NAIT13 W per channel into 8Ω

    The most powerful turntable amplifier is the Pioneer SX-1250, at 160 W, followed by Marantz 2270, Yamaha CR-1020 at 70, and Audiolab 8000A at 60.

    The greater the power output, the louder the amplifier will be. Plus the difference between a 50W amplifier and a 100W one doesn’t mean that the latter will be twice as loud as the former.

    Generally, an amplifier at 50 to 100 watts is good enough for a home setting. Anything more than that would be more suitable for bigger spaces.

    Best Vintage Turntable Amplifier

    The best vintage turntable amplifier I can recommend would be the NAD 3020, based on a combination of features and price. It’s a very high-quality amplifier that provides smooth, clear, and detailed sound. It might not have the biggest power output, but it can still outperform even new amplifiers, thanks to the impeccable craftsmanship with which it was designed.

    At around $150, it’s among the cheapest options you might have for vintage amplifiers for the kind of quality it offers. If you’re after power and are willing to spend whatever it takes, Marantz 2270, Pioneer SX-1250, and Yamaha CR-1020 are probably three other good options.

    If you’re looking for cheaper vintage amplifiers that still provide a perfect sound, you may check A&R A60 and Creek CAS4040.

  • Are Marley Turntables Good? A Complete Review

    Are Marley Turntables Good? A Complete Review

    Are you curious about the Marley Turntables? Possibly you heard of them, and you are wondering if they are as good as they seem. Despite what one may think, turntables are different and sound different from each other.

    Inexpensive and poorly made turntables can sound screechy and have limited bass power and definition. It is not enough to just spin the platter; the same record played on two different turntables can sound different.

    This article will uncover all the details about Marley Turntables, so you can figure out if they are high-quality products or not.

    Marley Turntables Overview

    The House of Marley, which produces the Marley turntables, was founded based on Bob Marley’s vision, love for music, and respect for the planet. Its founder, Rohan Marley, is the one working to bring forward this vision by creating a product that forwards that respect for the environment but that at the same time provides quality.

    One of the main things that differentiate Marly’s turntables from the rest is the materials used to build them. They come from ecological elements and recycled materials mindfully crafted and put together.

    The design and the color make one of those turntables look fashionable and handsome. In addition, it has all the features that it should have, such as RCA stereo output jacks, USB ports, and an external wall-wart DC power supply (to reduce self-noises).

    Here are some of the pros and cons of using Marley turntables:

    Pros:

    • Low self-noise
    • Eco-friendly
    • High-quality sound
    • Good looking minimalist design
    • Upgradeable cartridge
    • Great packaging
    • Easy to set up

    Cons:

    • Wall wart can be annoying
    • Missing dust cover lid
    • Sometimes the arm doesn’t automatically return back

    Let’s see in detail the main features and qualities of Marley turntables.

    Marley Turntables Materials

    Involved in several projects to help and protect the environment, and it doesn’t come as a surprise the careful selection of materials employed. Marley turntables are unique and different from other turntables because of how the manufacturing process goes and the materials used.

    One of the leading materials used to build those turntables is bamboo. While bamboo can give a significant and modern look to a product, it can also provide strength and durability. Some types of bamboo have the same compress ratio as still and twice that of concrete.

    It is a lightweight material, sustainable, and easy to renew as a natural resource. In fact, many countries are using bamboo to build schools, hotels, and other structures because of its high strength.

    Other materials used are recycled plastic, paper, metals, aluminum, PET, organic cotton, cork, leather, rewind fabric, wood composite, stainless steel, and not toxics silicon. Another element used is called REWIND™. It is a fabric made of a blend of cotton, hemp, and PET, all organic, created to be durable and resistant.

    Marley Turntable Design

    The design is another strong point of Marley Turntables. When you look at it, you can see that the top is made from eco-friendly bamboo, while a fabric made of organic cotton and hemp cover the sides and bottom.

    The platter consists of recycled aluminum which looks nice, together with the slips mat made of recycled plastic and rubber. When all those parts go together, the general look is a minimalist and fashionable piece of equipment.

    To make it even more attractive, House of Marley has made sure that each turntable has meticulous details. For example, the logo impressed in each turntable looks beautiful, and so the three rasta stripes placed on the headshell to pay tribute to Bob Marley’s legacy.

    The only negative note reported by many users is the lack of a plastic dust cover, but instead, you can use a hemp dust cover.

    Marley Turntable Features

    Although Marley turntables have a minimalist look and are very compact, they still have a lot of features and functionalities. Here are the things you can expect to find in one of those turntables:

    • USB for registration on a pc
    • Pre-amplifier (with a switch to deactivate the outgoing audion)
    • RCA
    • Adjustable counterweight
    • Belt drive
    • Anti-skating control
    • Replaceable head
    • Aux out (3.5 mm)
    • Speed 33 and 45 rpm
    • Bluetooth for wireless connection

    Marley turntables are manual belt-driven; no automatic device does it for you. So suppose you want to get a record playing; you have to do it in the old way. You are responsible for raising and lowering the tonearm to get music playing.

    While some consider it an inconvenience to raise and lower the tonearm, remember that in the past when turntables were the only way to play a record, the concept of automatic did not exist. So it is a bit like going back to the past and enjoying records in the old way.

    The RCA output situated at the back is there to connect a speaker or a receiver, and there is also a headphone jack located in the front for those who do not want to use the speaker o wish to play music late in the night.

    Some versions of Marley turntables have Bluetooth capability, so one can use headphones without cables and move around. In addition, it is possible to rip music and place it in digital form on a pc through the USB port.

    An additional thing that you can do with a Marley turntable is the possibility of upgrading, which means it is possible to replace the cartridge and improve the sound quality. In addition, those turntables can play 33 or 45 rpm and have an anti-skate control system that helps protect the vinyl from damage.

    Finally, the belt drive offers stability and better sound quality with the automatic start function.

    Marley Turntable Performance

    Marley turntables sound as good as most entry-level turntables on the market. They aren’t great, but they aren’t the worst either.

    In other words, if you are looking for an audiophile turntable, this one may not meet your expectancies. But, although it is a perfect product for beginners, it provides a superior sound compared to similar turntables.

    Very high volumes can lead to hearing minimal tonal distortions, but otherwise, there are no visible situations. The good news is that Marley turntables leave some space for an upgrade that can improve the quality of music without spending tons of money for another turntable.

    House Of Marley Projects To Help The Environment

    What makes House of Marley so different from other turntables and sound companies is its work to protect the environment and build sustainable products. Each turntable construction occurs with sustainable materials, using entirely recyclable and organic elements.

    In other words, the House of Morley respects the environment in building its products. They actively seek to prevent the waste from their products from becoming harmful once the product requires disposal. The company follows Bob Marley’s legacy centered on love, peace, and environmental respect.

    For this reason, they have a partnership with One Tree Planted and the Surfrider Foundation. One Tree Planted works to plant trees worldwide and combat deforestation. House of Marley has worked with them since 2017 and has helped grow over 240.000 trees.

    Instead, the Surfired foundation works to protect the world’s ocean, waves, and beaches. House of Marly works with them to raise awareness worldwide and help them carry out their mission.

    Buying from the House of Marley means supporting those initiatives and helping support the ecosystem.

    Marley Turntable Typical Price For 2021-2022

    Marley turntables are considered entry-level products, with an excellent sound, many features, and an affordable price. There are two types of turntables one can buy from the House of Marley:

    • Stir it Up turntable – $199
    • Stir it Up Turntable Wireless – $249

    The version without wireless is the cheapest one but has the same functionalities as the other one besides Bluetooth. For example, both have the anti-skate control system, the belt drive, USB port, preamp, RCA, etc.

    Marley turntables cannot be considered cheap but are not expensive either. On the contrary, their quality, materials, and features place them amongst the top turntables but with an advantageous price range.

    There is a vast difference between a cheap and an expensive turntable. Higher quality devices have a better sound that lets you think it is more authentic and engaging. Specifically, you do not find other turntables made of rich materials like the Marley’s.

    What makes turntables good and thus more expensive is the quality of the more sensitive components, such as the cartridge, motor, platter, and tonearm. For example, the engine is a sensible and central turntable part and can significantly impact the overall sound.

    Turntables Price Ranges

    The quality and precision of its elements can make the difference in how a record is playing and the price. On average, a low-quality turntable costs under $150, but you will not get the best sound in this case.

    Turntables averaging between $150 and $300 can be suitable for beginners, and you can find premium brands with such an investment with a good quality sound. However, those who want a top-quality turntable and are real vinyl lovers and audiophiles need to be ready to invest between $300 and $600.

    With such an investment, one can get turntables with a premium cartridge and high-quality elements to make the sound clearer and very detailed.

    If Not Sold On Marley, Here’s What To Look At When Buying A Different Turntable

    How do you know if you are buying a good turntable? There are various factors to consider if you want to get a suitable device according to your budget and necessities.

    Here are some of the things you should take into account:

    1. Price Range And Budget

    The price range is one of the first considerations. If you have at least $200, you can get a good quality entry-level or beginner turntable. If you want a high-end model, you have to consider a higher budget, but in that case, you need to appreciate the perks of a more advanced device.

    If you are using a turntable infrequently and are not an enthusiast or an audiophile, it is better to consider a lower-budget device with the basic features.

    2. Sound Quality

    The quality of sound should be the next consideration. The choice of the needle (the stylus), the materials, and the quality and precision of the audio components determine the type of experience you will have.

    Cheap turntables are made of poor materials and are not so stable. So verify what types of materials are used to build it and if there is a chance of upgrading to better quality cartridges.

    3. Is It Portable Or Wireless?

    Needless to say that even with turntables the wireless capabilities are essential in these modern times. Although vinyl records bring people back to the old times, connecting devices such as speakers and headphones over a distance is still crucial.

    Or even the possibility to transform music played through the turntable into digital tracks to be used later on a computer or other device is essential. Wireless functionality can add value to a turntable and make it look modern.

    4. Levels Of Automaticity

    You can check if a turntable has a manual, automatic, or semi-automatic tonearm. Then, depending on your needs, you can choose the one that best fits them. For example, an automatic tonearm moves towards the record alone, without you doing anything, and moves back to the beginning.

    You have to place semi-automated tonearms on the record manually, but they can return automatically to the beginning. A person must operate a manual tonearm to begin and end the playback.

    5. Audio Input & Output

    The audio input and output are essential if you listen to music through headphones. In addition, if you want to play music from a digital device through your turntable, you should know if it has an aux-in function.

    This last function also allows you to connect external speakers. In this way, you can get extra options for listening to your music.

    6. Design

    Design is possibly not one of the top considerations for listening to music. But, it helps to have a nice-looking turntable matching the house furniture. Many turntables construction is designed to look retro, modern, or unique. Therefore one can choose between many options based on how it fits better.

    7. Possibility To Add Accessories

    Many turntables producers also provide accessories to complete the setup and add extra functionalities. For example, you can get additional spare parts such as needles or a dust cover to protect the record player.

    Some provide matching speakers, headphones, cables, cleaning materials, and more. It is crucial to verify that you will not run out of spare parts and that the turntable components are replaceable in case something happens.

    Final Take

    Marley turntables are a good investment for those who like to listen to vinyl records moderately and are beginners. People can listen to good music and buy a quality product that can last for a long time for a moderate and affordable price.

    Those who are not ready to make a considerable investment in a turntable can start with a Marley product and then, with time, move on with more advanced turntables.

    Frequently Asked Marley TurntableQuestions

    Is A Marley Turntable Any Good?

    Marley turntables are good because they provide a high-quality device packed with functionality and built with quality materials for an affordable price. However, it is best to think of them as beginners and turntables for medium users.

    Does The Marley Stir It Up Turntable Have Built-In Speakers?

    Marley Stir Up turntables do not have built-in speakers, but the House of Marley provides matching speakers for sale. The speakers range from $149 to $ 279, with various power and sound levels.

    In addition, each speaker is portable and can connect via Bluetooth. Finally, even if Marley turntables do not have built-in speakers, they have a built-in preamp that you can use to connect speakers and even USB ports.

    Do Vintage Turntables Sound Better?

    Vintage turntables sound better because of the higher quality in construction. However, some modern ones are made with cheap materials and not manufactured with the same care—for example, some of the “made in China” products are constructed in bulk with poor elements.

    If you do proper researches and find quality turntables, you can have a similar, if not better, sound than a vintage one. In fact, modern turntables, appropriately manufactured and made with the full use of existing technology, can be way better than those made many years ago.

    Do Expensive Turntables Sound Better?

    In general, expensive turntables sound better because they are made with superior materials and constructed with care and precision. In addition, they have a lot of extra features that cheap devices do not have. A more expensive turntable can play music way better, and the difference is quite noticeable.

    Sources

    1. https://www.cnet.com/tech/home-entertainment/can-one-turntable-sound-better-than-another/
    2. https://youtu.be/xNLKSx2efSQ
    3. https://www.thehouseofmarley.com/materials/
    4. https://www.greenhomeguide.com/know-how/article/5-benefits-of-building-a-home-with-bamboo
    5. https://recordsoundpro.com/why-are-turntables-so-expensive-and-why-they-are-worth-the-price/
    6. https://recordsoundpro.com/keep-this-in-mind-when-buying-a-record-player-and-what-to-avoid/
  • The 7 Best Turntables Under $500

    The 7 Best Turntables Under $500

    There is nothing more nostalgic than popping a vinyl into a turntable and allowing the music to take you back in time – back to memories of your grandparents and their favorite records playing in the background while you play a board game. Thankfully, we’ve found some affordable modern turntables to help you unlock those memories without breaking your bank. 

    The best turntable for under $500 is the Fluance RT85. This turntable has the Ortofon 2M Blue, which provides excellent sound. It also comes with an Acrylic Platter that’s heavy and dense, contributing to a more consistent speed and reducing vibration. The Fluance RT85 is well designed and superb. 

    In this article, I’ll walk you through the difference between a turntable and a record player. We’ll also chat about what to look out for and expect from one priced at under $500. We’ll also discuss each of these affordable turntables, along with their pros and cons.

    Turntables vs. Record Players

    A turntable and record player are pretty much the same thing; however, a few differences set them apart.

    A turntable makes up a record player. It’s the part of the record player that spins and holds the record. A turntable in itself has a plinth, platter, tonearm, motor, stylus, cartridge, and sometimes a preamp. A pure turntable doesn’t have speakers or an amplifier, but it does have the ports for you to connect external components to it. 

    Most vinyl record enthusiasts prefer a turntable to a record player because it’s customizable, and you can add high-quality components to it. 

    A record player is a convenient all-in-one audio system. It doesn’t need external components to be added to it because it’s already got everything it needs, from the turntable to its built-in speakers. A record player also has many more features than a turntable and can read various audio files, not just the vinyl records.

    Record players aren’t customizable like pure turntables are, and the components used in them aren’t typically as high of a quality as the external component that you’d plug into your turntable. They’re also bigger, heavier, and less portable than turntables.

    Turntables aren’t superior or inferior to record players. They both have their pros and cons and appeal differently to different people. What you intend to use your turntable or record player for will determine which is best for you. 

    What To Look Out for When Buying a Turntable

    Although turntables under $500 are still considered “budget” turntables, there are a few key questions that you need to ask yourself when making your buying decision.

    Replacing the Parts

    If you buy a turntable that has a stylus with a needle that can’t be replaced, your whole turntable will no longer be operational when it wears, breaks or bends. You’re also stuck with that same needle when newer ones are released, and you won’t be able to upgrade your turntable. Not all turntables on the lower price allow you to replace the parts, but lookout for the ones that do because it’ll benefit you in the long run and keep your turntable operational for years to come.

    Speed Options

    If you get a turntable that only has a one speed option, you’re going to be limited with your records and won’t get the correct sound that you desire. Lookout for turntables with more than one speed option because your records are made to be played at different speeds.

    High Quality Components 

    If you’re going to buy a turntable for under $500, you will not get the highest quality, but that doesn’t mean you should settle for the worst either. Playing a turntable made up of poor components will affect the sound quality, and you’ll hear buzzing, crackling, and distortion. You may even end up with damaged vinyl. The Ortofon 2M Blue elliptical cartridge is an excellent quality component that you can find in this price range.

    Are Turntables Under $500 Worth It?

    Turntables under $500 are worth it. Depending on where your budget falls, turntables under $500 perform well, produce a beautiful and rich sound, and will be enjoyed by vinyl record enthusiasts starting out in this hobby.

    I would not recommend spending less than $200 on a turntable because turntables found in that price range typically produce poor sound, are made up of poor quality components, fail quickly, and can damage your vinyl records.

    7 Best Turntables Under $500

    The Fluance RT85 is well-loved, popular, and value for money, but it won’t meet the needs of every person. You can find all the products I’ve listed in this article on Amazon.com.

    • If you’re looking for a more affordable Fluance turntable, the Fluance RT81 will suit your budget just fine.
    • If you’re looking for a less traditional turntable, the Electrohome Kingston 7-in-1 has many features to enjoy.
    • If you’re looking for a traditional turntable design, the Sony PS-LX310BT boasts a stunning one.
    • If you’re looking for a turntable for DJing purposes, the Yamaha TT-S303 is the best option.
    • For a fantastic sound worth more than its price tag is the Pro-Ject T1 turntable. 
    • The Music Hall MMF-1.5 Turntable allows you to change and replace various pieces so that you can upgrade your turntable without having to buy a brand new one.
    • For something completely different from the other turntables on this list is the Denon DP-400.

    Fluance RT85

    The Fluance RT85 from Amazon.com is one of the best turntables on this list. If you’re looking for a beautiful turntable to match the aesthetics of your well-designed house, look no further because the Fluance RT85 is stunning. Plus, you have a variety of color options to choose from to best suit you!

    Fluance RT85 Reference High Fidelity Vinyl Turntable Record Player with Ortofon 2M Blue Cartridge, Acrylic Platter, Speed Control Motor, Solid Wood Plinth, Vibration Isolation Feet - Walnut

    Two key draw points to this turntable are that it comes with an Ortofon 2M Blue elliptical cartridge and an Acrylic Platter. The Ortofon 2M Blue is a great quality piece that adds to the resolution and dynamics of the sound produced. You can expect a warm, natural, and rich sound from this Fluance RT85 turntable.

    The Acrylic Platter is denser than the MDF, weighing around 3 pounds (1.36 kg). This heavier density and weight results in a better speed consistency, producing a clean and detailed sound without vibrations. Thanks to the Acrylic platter, a turntable mat isn’t necessary.

    For more on the benefits of the Acrylic platter, check out this YouTube video:

    Another factor that reduces vibration is the three adjustable rubber feet under the turntable. The S-shaped tonearm and belt motor feel good and are solid.  

    The auto-stop on this turntable is a useful option. You can choose to use this feature or not, thanks to the switch on the back. One thing that is missing from this wonderful model is a preamp.

    Setting up your Fluance RT85 will be a breeze if you follow the instructions provided. Make sure to use the gloves that accompany your turntable so that you don’t leave fingerprints all over it when you set it up.

    The Fluance RT85 will have you questioning if you have a live band playing right in your home!

    Pros

    • Beautiful aesthetic design
    • A range of colors are available
    • Ortofon 2M Blue
    • Acrylic Platter
    • A turntable mat isn’t necessary
    • Adjustable rubber feet to absorb vibration
    • Great quality
    • Auto-stop option
    • Easy to set up
    • Comes with gloves

    Cons

    • It doesn’t have a preamp

    Fluance RT81

    Another excellent but more affordable turntable is the Fluance RT81 from Amazon.com. This model is from the same brand as our previous turntable but doesn’t have some factors that made it rank as our best turntable. However, for the price and what it has to offer, the RT81 is impressive.

    Fluance RT81 Elite High Fidelity Vinyl Turntable Record Player with Audio Technica AT95E Cartridge, Belt Drive, Built-in Preamp, Adjustable Counterweight, Solid Wood Plinth - Walnut

    Unlike the RT85, the RT81 has a good-sounding built-in preamp. This semi-automatic turntable stops turning the record when it has completed the side. 

    Not only does this Fluance RT81 look fantastic, but the tonearm is excellent, the Audio Technica AT95E is clear, it comes with a high-quality rubber mat, and the base is solid and heavy. The wooden materials and the isolation feet absorb the vibrations.

    The Fluance RT81 has an aluminum platter and S-type tonearm, resulting in a lovely clear and precise analog sound to bring back all your nostalgia. 

    The setup of this turntable is quick and simple, and you’ll be able to do it in a few minutes if you follow the video guide on their YouTube page.

    An issue with the Fluance RT81 is that the speed isn’t consistent as I’d like it to be, and this is another area where the Fluance RT85 comes in first with its consistent and stable speed. 

    The RT81’s speed fluctuates and slightly distorted when playing orchestral pieces. Most people probably wouldn’t be too bothered by it, but it does distract me. Another issue is the inconvenience placement of the RPM adjuster. It’s underneath the turntable, making it hard to access with ease.

    Pros

    • Affordable 
    • Built-in preamp
    • Fantastic design
    • High-quality
    • Solid wood
    • Clear and precise analog sound
    • Easy setup

    Cons

    • Inconsistent speed
    • Inconvenient placement of the RPM adjuster

    Electrohome Kingston 7-in-1

    Another “budget-friendly” category turntable is the Electrohome Kingston 7-in-1 from Amazon.com. Not only is it one of the more affordable options on our list, but it’s ready to impress with its versatility.

    Electrohome Kingston 7-in-1 Vintage Vinyl Record Player Stereo System with 3-Speed Turntable, Bluetooth, AM/FM Radio, CD, Aux in, RCA/Headphone Out, Vinyl/CD to MP3 Recording & USB Playback (RR75C)

    The Kingston 7-in-1 is a turntable that beautifully plays vinyl records, has an AM/FM radio, and can play CDs. Thanks to its Bluetooth option, you can connect your phone to the turntable and play your music through it, transforming it into a Bluetooth speaker. 

    The turntable also features both AUX-in and USB, and although it has four high-quality built-in speakers, it has RCA outs, allowing you to plug in your stereo system for an even better sound.

    Although already quite impressive, this turntable also boasts a stunning vintage, retro design. It’s well built and has a real wood veneer cabinet. It’s heavy, has a plastic platter and a sapphire needle, and produces a warm, analog sound. It also has EQ options.

    With this Electrohome Kingston 7-in-1 able to play so many different audio files, I’m disappointed that it doesn’t have a cassette player. 

    Pros

    • Well-priced
    • Versatile
    • Four built-in speakers
    • Stunning design
    • Well built
    • EQ options

    Cons

    • No cassette player

    Sony PS-LX310BT

    If you’re all about connectivity and flexibility, the Sony PS-LX310BT is a turntable you’re going to enjoy! The PS-LX310BT is a fully automatic, quality Bluetooth turntable that has been made to last and is worth every penny!

    Sony PS-LX310BT Belt Drive Turntable: Fully Automatic Wireless Vinyl Record Player with Bluetooth and USB Output Black

    The platter of the Sony PS-LX310BT is aluminum, along with the tonearm. It comes with a polyester mat and a nice dust cover. The rest of the turntable is mostly made from plastic, which isn’t great. The speed is pretty consistent, and the sound is decent.

    I love this turntable because you have control over almost every aspect of it. You’re able to change or replace both the cartridge and the stylus. There are also two speed options (33 1/3 rpm and 45 rpm) that you can choose from. All you have to do is move the switch to the speed you want, and you’ve got it. 

    This turntable has a built-in preamp, although you can choose to turn it off and use your external amplifier instead. You can even choose the volume for the built-in preamp. There are three options available – low, medium, and high.

    The connectivity options are where this turntable outshines many of its other low/mid-range competitors. Thanks to its USB options, you’re able to connect to your computer and rip the vinyl records onto it.

    Thanks to its Bluetooth option, you’re able to connect your wireless headphones or soundbar. And with the RCA cable, you can directly connect your turntable to your stereo system.

    Pros

    • Various connection options
    • Flexible
    • Fully automatic
    • Two speed options
    • Built-in preamp
    • Volume choices

    Cons

    • A lot of the turntable is made from plastic which isn’t great for combatting vibration

    Yamaha TT-S303

    A popular turntable is the Yamaha TT-S303. Yamaha is known to make great-quality equipment that produces excellent sound, and this turntable is no exception. 

    Yamaha TT-S303 Hi-Fi Vinyl Belt Drive Turntable – Piano Black

    Although this turntable is on the higher side of our “under $500” list, it looks and sounds exceptional and is worth the money!

    The Yamaha TT-S303 has a clean, elegant look, an aluminum platter, a built-in phono preamp, and it produces detailed, deep, and lifelike sound. 

    You don’t have to tiptoe around this turntable, thanks to its isolating feet. The belt drive, located underneath the turntable, also reduces vibrations. Unless you’re deliberately jumping in front of the turntable, the stylus won’t be affected by movement and will play smoothly.

    The Yamaha TT-S303 is a manual turntable, which means that you’ll have to lift the tonearm and move it to its cradle once the record has finished playing. It’s a wired turntable and doesn’t have Bluetooth or USB.

    The setup is fairly easy except for the tonearm balancing. However, there are YouTube videos to guide you through the process.

    Pros

    • Clean, elegant look
    • Built-in phono preamp
    • Detailed, deep, and lifelike sound
    • Isolating feet
    • Pure, manual turntable

    Cons

    • The setup of the tonearm balance is tricky

    Pro-Ject T1

    I’m in love with the Pro-Ject T1 turntable just from the way it looks. It boasts a clean and minimalist look that will stand out in any room of your house or studio. It doesn’t only look amazing, but it’s also plastic-free, which is better for the environment and better for sound.

    Pro-Ject T1 Turntable (Satin Walnut)

    The Pro-Ject T1 Turntable sounds like it should be more pricey than it is. It has a full-bodied sound that is natural and warm. The model has no hollow spaces, which decreases vibration. Another piece that contributes to the lack of unwanted vibration is the heavy glass platter.

    The tonearm on this turntable is made from aluminum, and it has the OM 5E Moving Magnet cartridge. It also has an excellent elliptical diamond stylus tip. Unfortunately, this model’s tonearm isn’t height-adjustable, so you’re not going to be able to change out your cartridge.

    The tonearm and cartridge come already set up. You just need to place the platter onto your turntable. This easy setup is ideal for those who hate the construction process or are just starting out.

    There are three different Pro-Ject models in this line, with different prices. The T1 doesn’t have a phono preamp, but the more expensive model does. Unfortunately, the T1 doesn’t have speed control either. If you need to adjust the speed, you’ll have to remove the platter and adjust the belt’s height. This is both frustrating and inconvenient.

    All of the Pro-Ject T1 models are handmade and well built.

    Pros

    • Clean and minimalistic design
    • Plastic-free
    • No hollow spaces
    • No vibrations
    • Full-bodied, warm, and natural sound
    • It comes already set up
    • Handmade and well built

    Cons

    • No speed control
    • The tonearm isn’t height adjustable
    • No built-in phono preamp

    Music Hall MMF-1.5 Turntable

    A very affordable and user-friendly turntable is the Music Hall MMF-1.5 Turntable. It’s a beautiful turntable that has a classic style. 

    Music Hall MMF-1.5 Turntable

    Although this turntable only has one color option on Amazon.com, the real cherry wood veneer stands out as a statement piece. The tonearm is aluminum. The S-shaped tonearm aids in tracking that is accurate and smooth. It also has a tonearm lift lever.

    The Music Hall MMF-1.5 Turntable has a Music Hall Melody Moving Magnet cartridge that is easy to replace. Being able to replace components of your turntable is necessary to keep it running for years to come and to upgrade your turntable without having to buy a whole new one. I recommend upgrading the stylus on this turntable because it’s quite basic. You may appreciate an elliptical stylus more.

    The platter is aluminum, and it has a thick turntable mat to go on top of it to decrease vibration. The vibration dampening feet also help with this.

    You can plug your turntable in and play it without extra bits and pieces because it comes with a built-in phono preamp. However, it doesn’t have the best preamp, and you may benefit more by using an external preamp instead.

    I’m happy to tell you that this turntable has three different speed options – the 33 ⅓, 45, and 78 RPM. 

    The Music Hall MMF-1.5 Turntable is not automatic and doesn’t have AUX, but it does have RCA ports. It also doesn’t have a USB output, so you won’t be able to convert your vinyl records to MP3 files.

    The turntable comes with a dust cover for protection and is made of excellent quality.

    Pros

    • User-friendly
    • Tonearm lift lever
    • Built-in phono preamp
    • Three speed options
    • RCA ports
    • Dust cover

    Cons

    • Poor preamp
    • No Aux or USB

    Denon DP-400

    For something a little more unique, we’ve added in the Denon DP-400. Although it hits the high end of our price range, we thought it was worth mentioning.

    Denon DP-400 Semi-Automatic Analog Turntable with Speed Auto Sensor | Specially Designed Curved Tonearm | Supports 33 1/3, 45, 78 RPM (Vintage) Speeds | Modern Looks, Superior Audio

    Thanks to the dust cover, this turntable has a whole different look when compared to other turntables. The dust cover can come off and can even be used as a vinyl record cover stand so that everyone who comes into the room will know which band or musician is playing on the record. 

    Thankfully, the good features don’t stop there. The sound produced by this turntable is high-end, warm, and sophisticated. There are three speed settings to use, giving you freedom with your vinyl records. The speed is consistent.

    Denon DP-400 Semi-Automatic Analog Turntable with Speed Auto Sensor | Specially Designed Curved Tonearm | Supports 33 1/3, 45, 78 RPM (Vintage) Speeds | Modern Looks, Superior Audio

    The Denon DP-400 comes in black or white and has an S-shaped tonearm that enhances its sound. It also has a built-in phono equalizer. This turntable is sturdy and durable, and it can be seen throughout, right down to the knobs.

    The turntable is semi-automatic and has an auto-stop feature. It’s easy to set up and a well-rounded user-friendly turntable. The only issue that may bother some people is that it’s pretty heavy. Weight is great for stabilization; however, it makes moving the turntable around difficult. 

    Pros

    • Unique design
    • Dust cover can be used as a vinyl record cover stand
    • High-end sound quality
    • Durable
    • Various speed settings
    • S-shaped tonearm
    • Built-in phono equalizer
    • Auto-stop feature
    • User-friendly

    Cons

    • Weight makes moving the turntable difficult

    Key Takeaways

    Although many of the turntables on this list are excellent for the price range, the Fluance RT85 still comes out on top. The Ortofon 2M Blue cartridge and Acrylic Platter are two factors that stand out with this model, as well as its superb design.

    You have a range of colors to choose from, and you don’t even need a turntable mat. It has a convenient auto-stop option and boasts great quality. The gloves that come with, to avoid leaving fingerprints on your new turntable, are another nice touch.

  • How To Clean a Turntable Needle (Let’s Find Out)

    How To Clean a Turntable Needle (Let’s Find Out)

    Around 75 thousand turntables are sold in the US each year. One can’t help but wonder whether all those vinyl enthusiasts know how to maintain their gear properly and get the most out of it. Cleaning a turntable needle is one of the essential elements in properly experiencing your music collection.

    Here’s how to clean a turntable needle:

    1. Use a stylus brush for regular maintenance.
    2. Do light cleaning using a magic eraser.
    3. Use a stylus cleaning gel for more detailed cleaning.
    4. Do deep cleaning using a liquid stylus cleaner.
    5. Use ethanol for extremely grimy turntable needles.

    Keep reading to find out all the details on cleaning a turntable needle quickly and effectively.

    1. Use a Stylus Brush for Regular Maintenance

    Like most things in life, prevention is also the best medicine for turntable needle longevity. Regular stylus cleaning and maintenance is the key to keeping your turntable sounding good and keeping your records scratch-free.

    All you need for regular turntable needle maintenance is a soft paintbrush. Vinyl enthusiasts who are willing to spend a few extra bucks can even get a specialty stylus brush for regular needle cleaning.

    Whatever of the two items you choose, here’s how the regular turntable needle cleaning process should look:

    1. Run the stylus brush or a soft paint brush across the tip of the turntable needle two to three times per cleaning.
    2. Keep each brushstroke light to avoid damage to the turntable needle.
    3. Repeat the cleaning process at least once per week.

    The stylus brush method is considered the most traditional method for cleaning the turntable needle. Such a method isn’t as much of a cleaning method as it aims to prevent dirt from accumulating on the needle.

    There’s one important thing to remember with turntable needle cleaning.

    All of the dirt that reaches the needle has originated from the records you’re playing. That’s why, in addition to cleaning the needle, you should also look into wiping down your records after a few uses. 

    All of the dirt that reaches the needle has originated from the records you’re playing. This is why, in addition to cleaning the needle, you should also look into wiping down your records after a few uses. 

    2. Do Light Cleaning Using a Magic Eraser 

    Now that you know that regular cleaning and prevention of dirt accumulation is the best method to keep your turntable needle clean. What’s the next best solution if you neglect regular turntable needle maintenance?

    Melamine foam pads, more commonly known as magic erasers, are an excellent way to clean your turntable needle. This cleaning method is especially effective on needles that have been slightly neglected and won’t benefit from a light brushing.

    Here’s how you can safely apply the magic eraser cleaning method to your turntable needle:

    1. Cut a piece of the magic eraser (you won’t need more than a sixth of the pad).
    2. Place the piece of the magic eraser under the needle.
    3. Lower the turntable needle slowly onto the eraser and lift it.
    4. Repeat the process until the needle is clean.

    Vinyl users who decide to use a magic eraser-type product to clean their turntable needle should keep something in mind: this is an abrasive product that can easily cause more harm than good by damaging the needle. Don’t rub the needle on the piece of foam padding to avoid any potential damage.

    Additionally, you shouldn’t use a wet magic eraser for cleaning your turntable stylus. While adding water softens the pad, a dry magic eraser is more abrasive. That’s what makes it capable of cleaning the needle with just a few light touches.

    3. Use a Stylus Cleaning Gel for More Detailed Cleaning

    Some turntable users might find the previous method too risky or too aggressive. In case the brushing can’t help you, and you’re hesitant to use a magic eraser on your turntable needle, there’s a much safer cleaning solution.

    Stylus cleaning gels are purpose-made turntable needle cleaning products. These gels provide the best cleaning performance and micro-dust control, according to experts. Stylus cleaning gels are most commonly urethane-based, meaning you can reuse them as many times as you want.

    Follow these steps to effectively utilize any stylus gel product for a detailed turntable needle cleaning:

    1. Open the packaging that the stylus cleaning gel arrived in.
    2. Remove any protective covers from the gel.
    3. Lower the tonearm and the turntable needle into the gel.
    4. Lift the arm and repeat the last two steps as many times as necessary.

    As already mentioned, stylus cleaning gels are products that have a single purpose — cleaning the turntable needle. That means this needle cleaning product has no potential drawbacks, caution alerts, and use warnings.

    Stylus cleaning gels are perfectly safe as long as you follow the above instructions. An excellent benefit of this turntable needle cleaner is that you can reuse it.

    Once the urethane resin (gel) part gets dirty, you can take it out of the packaging. Rinsing gently with tap water and allowing it around 30 minutes of room temperature drying time should make the gel as good as new.

    4. Do Deep Cleaning Using a Liquid Stylus Cleaner

    If the gel cleaning method can’t get your turntable needle as clean as new, then you need something that offers a deeper and more powerful cleaning.

    Liquid stylus cleaners most commonly come in a bottle that resembles nail polish. While some of the bottles might have an included applicator in the cap, others might require a stylus brush to apply.

    Here’s how you use a liquid stylus cleaner the right way:

    1. Open the bottle and see if there’s an applicator inside.
    2. Get a stylus brush or a soft paintbrush if there’s no applicator.
    3. Apply a small amount of the liquid cleaner to the applicator or the brush.
    4. Remove any excess by tapping the applicator or the brush against the inside of the bottle.
    5. Run the applicator or the brush across the turntable needle using light pressure.
    6. Reapply the liquid and repeat the application process until the stylus is clean.

    Liquid stylus cleaners are most commonly a mild mixture of rubbing alcohol and water, making them capable of removing dirt from almost any turntable needle. In addition, this alcohol and water mixture also makes liquid stylus cleaners perfectly safe for use and easy to make on your own.

    The only thing I’d recommend is to maintain a light touch while applying the product to your turntable needle, just like with any other cleaning method. Suppose you decide to make your own mixture; make sure you use ethanol and distilled water.

    5. Use Ethanol for Extremely Grimy Turntable Needles

    Suppose none of the methods listed previously can’t clean your turntable needle. That means the turntable needle has been neglected for a while. Don’t worry; there’s always a solution.

    Ethanol, or rubbing alcohol, is an excellent way to clean stubborn dirt accumulations from hard surfaces. Using ethanol with no addition of water can be the way to go for those who need to get rid of dirt from their stylus.

    You can clean your turntable needle with ethanol by following these steps:

    1. Apply some rubbing alcohol on a stylus brush or a soft paintbrush.
    2. Clean the stylus by moving the brush lightly over it.
    3. Make sure that you use front-to-back and back-to-front motions.

    Even though this method is perfectly safe to use on occasion, it shouldn’t be overused. Getting too much liquid onto your turntable needle might increase its degradation. 

    Final Thoughts

    Although there are multiple ways you can clean a turntable needle, all of them share a few common features. Here are just some of the things that every turntable owner should keep in mind if they want to keep their device and records playing for a long time:

    • Get a soft stylus brush for regular turntable needle maintenance.
    • Use the brush at least once a week.
    • Wipe down your records after every use.
    • Use other cleaning tips from this article as needed.
  • Belt Drive vs. Direct Drive Turntable: How To Choose?

    Belt Drive vs. Direct Drive Turntable: How To Choose?

    Turntables have an eclectic history since 1857, but there have only been 4 mechanisms to drive the platter, of which only 2 are common and popular. Both belt drive & direct drive mechanisms have had a fascinating journey over the decades, and it is still difficult to choose between them. 

    Choose a belt drive turntable if your priority is high fidelity audio playback. Consider a direct drive turntable if you want higher torque and more efficient manual control of the playback. Direct drive is more suited for turntablism, while belt drive is for avid listeners. 

    Audiophiles have strong preferences, and they often get into heated debates to champion their favored drive mechanism. However, the choice is truly perplexing if you don’t have a preference. This guide explains the theoretical & practical differences of belt drive vs. direct drive turntables. 

    How Does a Direct Drive Turntable Work?

    In 1857, French inventor Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville created the phonautograph, the first-ever turntable to record sound, not play it back. In 1877, Thomas Edison created the phonograph, and Alexander Graham Bell made the first graphophone in 1886. 

    The foundation of modern record players and turntables is Emile Berliner’s gramophone, invented in 1887. The primitive turntables required hand cranking, and a few expensive models ran on a loud motor. In 1898, Eldridge Johnson patented a spring motor to drive gramophones. 

    Hence, you could say that direct drive was the first sustainable and reliable mechanism to rotate the platter. You may read about direct drive as a much later invention in 1969 by a Panasonic (then Matshusita) engineer named Shuichi Obata, but this is not accurate by any definition. 

    Eldridge Johnson’s direct drive gramophones were commercially available in the United States as early as the 1900s. Watch the following video at ~1:02, and you will see a direct drive turntable manufactured in 1927. 

    A direct drive turntable has a simple mechanism. An electric motor inside the plinth and underneath the platter is connected to the spindle through its rotor. As you power it on, the turntable’s motor spins and rotates the platter, depending on your selected settings. 

    Direct Drive Turntable Pros

    Here are the pros of direct drive turntables: 

    • Faster starts and rotations per minute 
    • Easier maneuverability like scratching for DJs 
    • Power-free spinning possible 
    • Less maintenance due to fewer components 
    • Highly reliable for turntablism 
    • Exceptional durability, subject to brand & model 

    The free-spinning attribute of direct drive motor-operated platters makes them popular among performers. Also, scratching is more convenient with a direct drive turntable because the motor retains the rotation per minute. Furthermore, many artists often need faster RPMs or speeds. 

    Direct Drive Turntable Cons

    Direct drive turntables have only 2 significant downsides: 

    • Audio quality 
    • Speed consistency

    The latter may not be an issue in premium models, but entry-level or low-quality direct drive turntables may have fluctuating speeds due to the various settings and thus electric signals.

    Audio quality should not be a dealbreaker in premium models as the motors are almost quiet and not much vulnerable to external factors causing any distortion or performance issues. However, louder and inefficient motors can have a noticeable impact on audio fidelity. 

    Also, the vibration affecting the tonearm may be reduced by using a torque generator or another motor. However, you will need to buy a direct drive turntable with such a feature to eliminate the vibration effects on the tonearm and audio fidelity. 

    How Does a Belt Drive Turntable Work?

    A belt drive turntable uses elastic rubber wrapped around the platter to rotate it when you power the device and its motor. Unlike the direct drive mechanism, the motor in a belt drive turntable is not directly under the platter but towards a side inside the plinth. 

    The first belt drive turntable was created by the audio pioneer Edgar Marion Villchur, and it was commercially released in 1961. Since then and the renewed direct drive turntable popularized by many brands, the two mechanisms are at loggerheads, drowning out the idler and flywheels. 

    The belt drive turntables are not necessarily complicated compared to the direct drive mechanism. However, there is an additional component, the belt, and thus you have to weigh its strengths and weaknesses vis-a-vis the pros and cons of a direct drive motor under the platter. 

    Belt Drive Turntable Pros

    Here are the pros of belt drive turntables: 

    • High fidelity audio playback due to less vibration 
    • Consistent speed unless the belt is worn out 
    • Aesthetic designs and a classic appearance 
    • More suitable for listening to an audio playback 

    Belt Drive Turntable Cons

    Here are the downsides of belt drive turntables: 

    • Slower start as the belt attains the requisite speed 
    • No free spins without power due to the belt’s tension 
    • Difficult to maneuver during turntablism, such as scratching 
    • Belt issues: looseness, tightness, wear & tear, damage, etc. 

    You can spin a belt-driven platter without power, but the elastic rubber’s tension will cause some inconvenience. Also, you may inadvertently cause a bit of wear & tear in the belt. Besides, scratching is not easy due to the omnipresent tension of the belt in such designs. 

    Belt Drive Turntable vs. Direct Drive – Audio Quality

    Direct drive turntables have an inherent challenge due to the vibration caused by electric motors. Since the motor is directly under and connected to the platter, there is a slight vibration and distortion of your playback audio. However, this effect may not be cognizable to all. 

    A belt drive turntable eliminates this motor-induced vibration and distortion because it is housed away from the platter. Also, the belt is rubber and has some elasticity that can absorb any inevitable vibration caused by the electric motor. Thus, the audio quality is apparently better. 

    The earliest electric motors used in gramophones were large, heavy, and noisy. The vibration was a serious issue and the audio playback quality suffered as a result. Modern electric motors are much smaller, lighter, and quieter. Thus, you may or may not notice any loss in audio fidelity. 

    Eventually, the practical difference in audio quality comes down to the particular turntables, their manufacturers, the designs, the deftness of the engineers, and the precision of all components. A poor quality belt drive turntable will distort the audio quality, much like an unsuitable motor. 

    Furthermore, the drive mechanism is not the only factor in high fidelity sound reproduction or audio playback. Everything from the entire design to the type & quality of materials, cartridge, coil & magnet, stylus, and customizable settings will determine the real-world audio quality. 

    Belt Drive vs. Direct Drive Turntable – Durability

    The only undisputed difference between belt drive and direct drive turntables is durability. Direct drive turntables may last longer because they have one less component that can fail. In other words, there are fewer chances of a part failing in direct drive compared to belt drive turntables. 

    Both types of turntables have motors, which may fail at some point in time. Also, the stylus, cartridge, coils or magnets, springs, and other parts may suffer from damage in due course. With belt drive turntables, you may have to replace the belt if it is loose, worn out, or damaged. 

    While a belt can get loose, wear out, and be unusable, a premium-quality turntable should not have this problem any time soon. You can use a belt drive turntable for years, if not decades, before you may need to replace the rubber strap. Also, use & maintenance are decisive factors. 

    How To Choose a Turntable Drive Mechanism

    Consider your priorities and preferences. The direct drive mechanism will be a more practical option if you are into turntablism and intend to reproduce or perform. The belt drive mechanism is better if you are a home user who wants impeccable, high fidelity audio playback. 

    It is necessary to note a caveat about both these mechanisms. A bad belt will distort the audio, and it will be vulnerable to many external factors, including the turntable’s functioning components, such as: 

    • Spindle rotation 
    • Stylus position 
    • Tonearm 
    • Cartridge performance 

    Likewise, a low-cost motor in direct drive turntables can nearly ruin audio fidelity. This problem can also occur in belt drive turntables, as the rubber cannot absorb phenomenal vibration caused by a failing or bad quality motor. Thus, you need a brand & model-specific comparison. 

    The general practice among DJs and other musicians is to go for a direct drive turntable. Home users and non-performing audiophiles can prefer a belt drive turntable as none of the free-spinning, scratching, and higher torque features will be a concerning issue or shortcoming. 

    Final Thoughts

    Like the belt and direct drive mechanisms, the styli shapes, the cartridges, spindles, and other model-specific features will affect audio fidelity. Besides, every turntable model operates best at its optimum settings. Stressing the drive or using demanding settings will impair durability. 

    Furthermore, the materials play a significant role. For instance, metal or alloy is heavier than plastic, so a motor must work harder and may be noisier to rotate such platters. Lighter platters are easier for smaller and quieter motors to operate. These aspects matter for all turntables. 

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  • How To Remove A Garrard Turntable (Three Easy Steps)

    How To Remove A Garrard Turntable (Three Easy Steps)

    Although the Garrard Engineering and Manufacturing Company is barely relevant today, many still aspire to hear and use their turntables due to their vintage quality. However, most Garrard turntables to date are old and are in dire need of repair. To aid you with the very first step of repairing your own Garrard turntable, let us know how to remove a Garrard turntable in three basic steps.

    To gain access to your Garrard turntable’s inner workings, you will need to remove the turntable mat. To initiate this, pull from the center first before pulling the sides using either a pen knife or a screwdriver.

    Tearing apart your turntable is a very delicate process, and it can seriously get intimidating quickly. However, please do not fret, as we guide you throughout the process step by step, making the whole process a walk in the park.

    Taking It Apart: Removing A Garrard Turntable In Three Simple Steps

    Most people who own Garrard turntables get them either from a garage sale or through inheritance. Unfortunately, most do not own a manual for it, nor can they bring them to turntable service centers since most do not cater to Garrard turntables. In addition to that, the sheer weight and fragility of Garrard turntables make them extremely difficult to carry around from town to town for repairs. (source)

    Although I sincerely discourage repairing them on your own, most people simply do not have the choice, nor do they have the luxury of having a nearby technician. Add to that, and they might just want to do simple maintenance such as oiling or replacing the belt. That is why below, we listed the three easy steps to removing your Garrard turntables.

    1. Make sure that your Garrard turntable is in an idle state (not playing).
    2. Unplug the turntable from power sources
    3. Remove the platter or turntable mat first

    Ensure That Everything Is Turned Off

    Aside from specific repair requirements, one of the basics of repair and maintenance is to turn off the turntable and unplug it from its power source. Although this may seem as basic as one, two, and three, most people frequently forget to do this step.

    Keeping the turntable unplugged keeps you safe from electrocution. But watch out for things like capacitors that can store energy even when electronics are unplugged.

    Primarily, electrocution concerns stem from the fact that most turntables, especially Garrard, are powered by the stronger alternating current (AC) instead of, the weaker direct current (DC). In addition to that, we may need to touch the wires for specific repairs, and most repairs involve physical contact with conductive materials, making this process critical for your safety.

    In the instance that your turntable was in use before repair, you will need to turn it off. When doing such, make sure that your turntable has cooled off for at least thirty minutes before opening it up. Also, try turning it on and off several times after unplugging. This action will help to dissipate any capacitors that may be present. Moreover, when doing repairs and maintenance regarding the turntable belt, it is critical not to skip this step to prevent any possible injury from a moving part. (source)

    Taking It Apart: Removing The Top Layer

    Now that you have turned off everything, it should be safe to operate the turntable now. The first thing you will need to remove is the rubber dust cover, as most Garrard turntables require you to remove the dust cover before taking the said turntable apart. This item looks like a caterpillar sliced in half (or like rubber clips, depending on the model) and is used to prevent dust from building up inside the turntable, affecting the sound quality.

    The next step is easy to understand but challenging to execute, so read carefully. Newer Garrard turntables tend to remove easily, using a pulling motion on the platter directly from the aligning rod. (source)

    However, if you have an older model, we might need a more blunt approach. Gently, using a small hammer and pry edge like a flat screwdriver, gently pry open the Garrard turntable’s platter out of its casing. After doing this, slide the platter off and set it aside in a safe area. (source)

    This whole process is beneficial for those who want to remove or replace the belt from their Garrard turntable. However, for those wanting a simple oiling procedure, we might want to refer to Garrard’s user manual (if available).

    Diagnosis And Home Repair: Simple Garrard Turntable Maintenance Processes You Can Do At Home

    (Image By Porius – Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7743507)

    After you have opened up your Garrard turntable, indeed, you are not leaving it at that. That is why, in this section specifically, we will teach you essential maintenance steps to preserve your Garrard turntable. By taking some pages of information directly from the manual, we will discuss these maintenance steps.

    Oiling Your Garrand Turntable: It Shouldn’t Be So Hard.

    Whether for the motor for the turntable belt or the bearings, your resident Garrard turntable is not the type to require a lot of oiling. However, there are times where oiling becomes less of a luxury and more of a necessity. In those situations, use our short guide on how to oil our Garrard turntable.

    The oiling points for your Garrard turntable are accessible by removing the turntable mat. To remove the turntable mat, you will need to lift the turntable from the side after lifting it from the center boss. By following this process, you make sure that the turntable is not damaged nor the insides. (source)

    You can access the retaining clip by levering the nameplate with a screwdriver or a penknife in an upward motion. Remove the retaining clip afterward.

    You can now remove the turntable. To initiate this, with the foam mat attached, lift the turntable using your fingers on opposing sides while applying the same amount of pressure. This action is done evenly so you don’t create an uneven force that may damage the Garrard turntable.

    You can now access the oiling points for the turntable’s motor. To oil effectively, make sure you place the appropriate amount. Any excess oil should be accounted for and removed using cloth. (source)

    Replacing The Turntable Belt The Easy Way

    After removing the turntable and exposing its internal parts, you can now check the turntable belt. Hold the strap and use your hands to pry the belt away from the belt drive if the turntable belt is still attached to the drive. However, if the belt is broken, throw it away instead. (source)

    To make sure that the belt drive is clean, dampen a cheesecloth using isopropyl alcohol. Use the damp cloth to wipe down the belt gently.

    When dust and debris build up around the turntable, the sound quality of the Garrard will be affected. Ensure that you wipe the essential parts of the turntable, from the insides to the belt drive, including the new turntable belt and the platter.

    Now that everything has been wiped clean, please insert the new turntable belt. Wrap it around the belt drive such that it fits snugly into the drive. (source)

    Frequently Asked Questions

    1. Who Owns The Garrard Engineering and Manufacturing Company?

    Since 2018, Garrard Engineering and Manufacturing Company has been owned by Cadence Audio SA. However, the history of Garrard Turntables goes way back to 1915, when it was under Garrard & Co. (source)

    1. What Are The Record Spindles In My Garrard Turntable For?

    Record spindles in Garrard Turntables function for the automatic playing of records. (source)

    1. How Often Should I Oil My Garrard Record’s Belt?

    You can oil it as often as four times a year or once in three months. However, oiling frequency is typically only required about once a year. The frequency will also depend on the condition of the turntable and the frequency with which you use it.

    Sources

    1. Garrard in Swindon”, Guide To Swindon, Last Accessed November 2,
    2. James, “How to Repair a Garrard Turntable”, It Still Works, Last Accessed, November 3, 2021.
    3. Garrard Turntable Laboratory Series, Instruction Manual”, Garrard Engineering and Manufacturing Company, Last Accessed November 2, 2021.
    4. Featured Image By RayL11111111 – Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17656270
  • Buying a Record Player or Turntable? 8 Things You Must Know

    Buying a Record Player or Turntable? 8 Things You Must Know

    Vinyl records have been around for a while, and they are still a wonderful and high-quality way to listen to music. They are classy and retro, and are most definitely coming back into style. Vinyl record player sales are certainly going up. But before you go get yourself a record player, here are 8 things you definitely need to know. Maybe a turntable would actually be a better fit for you!

    Difference Between a Record Player and a Turntable

    Technically record players and turntables are two different things. A record player is a machine that reads records and turns the vibrations into music. Typically, they contain all that you need to play your records, including speakers. A turntable is part of a record player. It’s the part that spins the record and uses the stylus to read the grooves etched into the vinyl.

    You can either buy the whole record player or customize your own with a turntable and other additions. However, the words turntable and record player are used interchangeably a lot because they are so similar. It’s important to recognize their differences before you buy one or the other though.

    Necessary Additions to a Turntable

    Most record players don’t need any add ons, but some require additional speakers. However, if you get just a turntable, you will definitely need some other components before you can start listening to your records. The turntable reads the record and turns it into vibrations, but it still needs other equipment to turn those vibrations into glorious music. Some other add-ons you need for your turntable are a preamp, an amplifier, and speakers.

    The preamp helps boost the signal from the turntable so it can be received by the amplifier. Some turntables have preamps already built into them. But if your turntable doesn’t have a built-in preamp, you will need to purchase a separate one.

    Like the preamp, the amplifier helps strengthen the signal even more so that the speaker can use it. Without this, the signal will be too weak. Luckily, some speakers have amplifiers built into their system.

    And finally, you need speakers. Speakers are essential because without them it would just be electrical signals, not music. There are many different styles and shapes of speakers. There are stereo speakers or floorstanding speakers. Some record players even come with Bluetooth capabilities and can be used to play with any Bluetooth speaker.

    So if you buy a turntable with a built-in preamp and a speaker with a built-in amplifier, then that will be everything that you need.

    Manual vs Automatic vs Semi-automatic

    There are three different types of record players. There are manual, automatic, and semi-automatic. The big difference between these relates to the tonearm. The tonearm is the mobile part of a record player that holds the needle or stylus that picks up the grooves in the record. For all record players, the tonearm needs to be moved so that the stylus rests on the vinyl record. Once the song is over, the tonearm needs to be moved off of the record. The difference between manual, automatic, and semi-automatic record players is how this tonearm is moved.

    Manual

    Manual record players are record players where you have to place and remove the tonearm from the record to start and stop the music.

    Automatic

    On the other hand, automatic record players will place the tonearm at the push of a button and automatically remove it once the song is done. This makes the record player a lot easier to use.

    Semi-automatic

    Finally, Semi-automatic are record players that you have to manually place the tonearm on the record, but it will automatically remove the tonearm once the record is finished. You just have to get it started and the machine will do the rest.

    The biggest reason to consider one style over another is that placing the tonearm on the record incorrectly can hurt a record. If you don’t put the tonearm on correctly then the stylus might scratch the record, permanently damaging or destroying the item. Also, placing the tonearm wrong can make a terrible screeching sound, which totally ruins the effect of a soothing song.

    In addition, a manual record player will keep going after the song finishes. If you don’t remember to take the tonearm off, it will keep playing, which could cause problems down the road.

    Overall, deciding which style you should get all depends on your personal preference and how confident you are in using your record player.

    Storage of Your Record Player

    Some record players are very portable, specifically suitcase styles ones. But others need a permanent home. Style is important, but there are a lot of other factors that should go into where you put your record player.

    The first thing to do when finding a good place to put your record player is safety and stability. Because they can be so expensive, you never want to put a record player in a place where it could be bumped or knocked off its resting place. Record players need to be placed on a stable and heavy surface. If the player causes the table or shelf it sits on to vibrate, it can mess up the record player and cause it to skip or cause tracking issues. One way to help mitigate this is the use of isolation platforms, feet, or pads. These add-ons will help reduce the vibrations that affect your record player.

    The next thing to consider is whether the player will be level or not. Record players and turntables should always be placed on flat surfaces. Make sure you test to see if the surface you picked out is uneven or not. If the surface isn’t level then it could cause unnecessary wear and tear on your equipment.

    Finally, you need to figure out where to place your speakers. Because sound is composed of vibrations, speakers cause a lot of vibrations. Placing your speakers too close to or even on the same surface as the record player can cause problems. Like placing it on an unsteady surface, extra vibrations can cause the record player to have tracking problems.

    A good way to prevent this is to put speakers on a different surface, like a separate shelf. Another option is floorstanding speakers, which are speakers that just sit on the floor. Also, there are speaker isolation pads that will reduce vibrations caused by the speaker.

    A lot of this depends on your available space and how you want your setup to look. But these factors are crucial for the safety of the player and the quality of the sound. You need to keep these things in mind as you plan where to put your record player.

    Price

    You can buy a turntable for a fairly cheap price, but a cheap one can hurt your records. Not all record players and turntables are made equal. You get what you pay for, and sometimes it’s best to pay a little more.

    A starter turntable usually costs between $100 to $400. A high-quality model turntable will cost closer to $400 and $700. (Source) Keep in mind that turntables also require additional parts, like speakers, which will increase the overall price.

    On the other hand, record players can cost from $50-$300. Again, there is a strong correlation between price and quality. The lower the cost, the more likely it is to both hurt your records and to fall apart before its time.

    Which Brand is Best?

    There are so many different styles and brands of record players that are available to buy. Some of the best brands to buy record players and Turntables from include Pro-Ject, Fluance, and Audio-Technica. Each of these brands has its own different benefits. Audio-Technica is the most affordable of the three. Fluance and Pro-Ject are a little more pricey, but they are worth the extra money.

    There are plenty of other good brands out there, but there are also some brands and styles that aren’t the best. Some record players aren’t very good and can actually cause damage to your records. Crosley and Victrola brand players aren’t as good and the same goes for Denver suitcase models.

    Each of these brands have different downsides. For example, the Crosley brand record players sometimes use cheaper styluses that are rougher on your records and can shorten the life span of that record. If you want your vinyl to last longer, it’s worth the extra money to get a better quality record player.

    Size of Records You Want to Play

    Not all vinyl records are the same. There are three different possible sizes of records. This is important to know because not all record players can play all sizes of records.

    The different sizes are 12-inch diameter records, 10-inch diameter records, and 12-inch diameter records. The 10-inch size is the least common size, typically the records you will see will be 12-inch or 7-inch records. All record players can play a 12-inch record and a 7-inch record. However, not all can play a 10-inch record. If you want to play a 10-inch record you will need to make sure that the record player or turntable that you are buying is capable of playing a record of that size.

    One thing that size can affect is how fast your record player should be going. The speed of a record player is determined by RPMs or rotations per minute. There are three different possible speeds, 33 1/3 RMs, 45 RPMs, and 78 RPMs.

    Normally, your records should say what speed they should be played at. Typically 12-inch records should be played at 33 1/3 RPMs, 10-inch records should be played at 78 RPMs, and 7-inch records should be played at 45 RPMs. However, the speed can vary depending on the specific record. Playing a record at the wrong speed will not cause any lasting damage to it, but the song will not sound the way it is supposed to.

    The final thing that size affects is how much music it contains. Records that have a 7-inch diameter will only last for about 5 minutes for each side while 10-inch records will last about 8 minutes per side. Finally, 12-inch records will last about 22 minutes for each side.

    Long Term Care

    The last thing you need to know about record players and turntables is how to clean them. Cleaning your record player is critical. If you ignore cleaning your record player, then it will end up hurting your player and your records. Dirt and dust builds up over time and can cause many problems. It can interfere with the playing of the music and ends up scratching your records and causing permanent damage to the vinyl. A little cleaning every time you use your record player can save you a lot in the long run.

    First, you should dust your record player every time you use it with a lint-free or microfiber cloth. However, if you only use your record player every now and then, you should try to dust it twice a week. If you need a bit of a deeper clean, use rubbing alcohol on the microfiber cloth before you dust. If you do use rubbing alcohol, go over the player again with a dry microfiber cloth to remove any excess moisture.

    Another thing you need to take care of is the stylus. There are special brushes for cleaning stylus, but if you don’t have them a fin small paintbrush would work. You should wipe the stylus with this brush every time you use your record player. If you want a more in-depth cleaning, use rubbing alcohol. Be very careful as you clean the stylus. It is very fragile and can bend easily. (Source)

    One good way to make cleaning your record player easier is to use a dust cover between uses. Some record players have dust covers built into them. Some dust covers are plastic while others are cloth. Using a dust cover will limit the amount of dust and dirt that will accumulate on your player. Dust covers aren’t perfect and dust will still get on your record player, but it will make cleaning a lot easier. You can also just use a cloth if you don’t have a dust cover. (Source)

    Now that you know these important things, you’re ready to enjoy your record player.

  • Phono Vs. Line: We Explain the Difference

    Phono Vs. Line: We Explain the Difference

    In 1877, the invention of vinyl altered the way the world hears music and audio. Over time, technology has evolved away from the phonograph; however, many continue to enjoy the audio they produce. For this reason, newer audio players include an input labeled phono. But how does the phono input differ from the line input?

    Phono produces a very mild electrical signal; meanwhile, line, which encompasses most digital audio players, creates a much stronger signal. This variation impacts the quality of the audio played. To play a phonograph properly, the device must translate its signal through a phono stage, or a preamp.

    While listening to vinyl is a relaxing way to pass the time, understanding the signals, inputs, and outputs associated with audio playing devices complicates the hobby. Luckily, we are here to explain it to you! In this article, you will learn everything you need to know about phono and line signals. Let’s get started.

    What is Phono Signal?

    When a record is made, the recorded sounds are processed onto the vinyl in grooves. These grooves are essentially a physical representation of the soundwaves. The soundwaves in the grooves are then detected by the needle of a record player.

    As the needle passes over it, it reads the electromagnetic signals stored in the vinyl and transforms them into an electrical signal. This electrical signal is then translated by the device’s speakers as sound.

    To make more room on a record and to increase the duration of sound on each side, vinyl makers alter the recorded audio’s frequencies.

    For example, they must raise the bass’s frequency to make room on the vinyl for multiple songs. Because bass has larger soundwaves, if they were left unaltered, they would take up too much space on the record. The needle would not have enough room to play the song properly, if at all.

    When you raise the bass, you also have to boost the treble. Heightening the treble on vinyl during production improves the quality of the audio. 

    Records with altered frequencies are known as phono signals. Phono signals are considered “unequalized.” Were you to play this through a phonograph, the sound would not play as recorded.

    Since the sounds recorded on the vinyl have increased frequencies, they must be corrected before they are played. This is where RIAA Equalization comes into play.

    RIAA Equalization process and normalizes the frequencies of the vinyl to produce the sound correctly. This process can also reduce the effects of dust, debris, hand oils, and other substances that alter a vinyl’s sound.

    Phono signals only produce about 0.2 to 0.8 millivolts. On a turntable or other modern-day audio device, this is not enough signal to play the sound audibly. Think of it like only half the headphone jack is plugged into your iPod or mp3. The sound playing through the speakers is muffled due to a lack of electricity produced.

    Phono Signal and Preamp

    Because phono signals are too weak for most audio devices to process, the electrical signal must be increased. This process is done with a phono preamp or a phono stage.

    If you were to play a record without the use of a preamp you wouldn’t be able to hear it, and what you could hear would sound odd. 

    Phono preamps are what enact the RIAA equalization process. The frequencies are lowered and the sound is balanced.

    A phono stage may be built into a turntable, record player, CD player, and DVD player. However, some devices will not include the equalization stage needed to play a phonograph properly. Luckily, a preamp can also be found as a stand-alone piece of equipment. Many audio or record repair stores still have these machines on hand. 

    Some modern audio devices will not need a phono stage since they can identify the difference between vinyl and a CD.

    Remember to be careful when handling vinyl. While CDs will not be affected much by fingerprints, fingerprints on vinyl will result in static and background noise. Luckily, most of these imperfections will be buffed out in the equalization process.

    What is Line Signal?

    The term line signal refers to the natural frequency or basic standard level of audio output that you are used to hearing before any major amplification. 

    Devices such as CD players, DVD players, laptops, phones, and televisions will output a line signal without any alterations or amplifications.

    Line signals are much stronger than phono signals. While a phono signal is only a fraction of a millivolt, a line signal is 0.316 volts root-mean-square.

    Because these audio recordings produce a much larger electrical signal, they do not require additional amplification. When you plug a device into the line input, it will play the sound without altering the electrical signals. 

    Line Input VS Line Output

    You may see the word line on the back of your turntable or other audio playing device multiple times. While one of the labels will be close to the word “phono” others might say “line-in” or “line output.” 

    Are these related to line signals? Not entirely.

    The line input port close to the phono input port is meant to plug the audio device into as described above. The others have unique purposes.

    The port labeled for line-in is meant to assist with maintaining audio quality while recording. 

    Meanwhile, the line output jack is where additional external amplification can be plugged in. This could be a PA system, headphones, or recording equipment. 

    The Differences Between Phono and Line

    Phono and line have several differences every vinyl collector should be aware of. Speaker variation will impact your listening experience.

    Differences between phono and line have to do with the size of the electrical signals produced and the quality of sound.

    The phono input is the older version and newer systems have stopped including it. As described earlier, the needle of a record player travels over the vinyl, it creates an electric signal that is then transformed into sound. The amount of electrical signal produced is the main difference between phono and line systems.

    As mentioned earlier, line signal is stronger than phono signal. Phono signals are between about 0.2 to 0.8 millivolts; meanwhile, a line signal is 0.316 volts.

    Why does the signal produce matter? The signal created translates to the volume, and quality, of the audio played.

    Earlier on, we learned that phono signals travel through a preamp before it gets played through the speakers. If you plug a phono into the line input, the signal will be too weak to hear. On the other hand, if you plug a line into a phono, the already loud signal will be amplified and will be too loud for the speakers to translate properly.

    Remember, not all turntables have a built-in preamp. If your turntable struggles to play phonographs, you may need to invest in a preamp.

    If your turntable features a phono, line switch, how does it affect the sound played? Turntables with this switch will only have one type of input port. Rather than distinguishing the type of signal being played through the type of port, the switch tells the machine how to read the signal.

    When the switch is set to the phono, play the audio at the regular phono signal level. This will result in a quieter output that might include significant background noise.

    When you change the settings to the line, the signal produced increases, and background noise is removed. This setting runs the signal through a phono stage equalizing the frequencies and preparing it to be played line quality levels. Phono signals need to be boosted between 50 and 1000 times to be at an acceptable level of line signal.

    Phono Line Turntable and Preamp Examples

    As record players have had a surge of popularity, many companies have begun to manufacture them again. Many listeners enjoy customizing and upgrading standard phonographs and record players to meet their audio preferences. 

    To leave room for customization and upgrades, not every record player has a phono preamp built-in. Brands such as Victrola, Yamaha, Technica offer players with and without the preamp. With prices that range from fifty dollars to seven hundred and fifty dollars. While these brands can get a bit more expensive, their machines have a lot to offer.

    Not sure what type of turntable or record player you need? Take a look at the following examples to find the right machine for you!

    H009 Turntable Stereo System

    The H009 Turntable Stereo System is a combination of preamp, speakers, and turntable. The preamp on this machine is activated with a line, phono switch.

    This turntable has a vintage look so you can enjoy music the way it was meant to be.

    There is little setup for this system, allowing you to start enjoying your phonographs immediately. The H009 Turntable has a built-in Hi-Fi speaker for improved listening ability.

    This system also includes a vibration dampener for better sound quality. Get the H009 Turntable Stereo System for just $200 from 1 by One Audio.

    Pyle Phono Attachable Preamp

    As mentioned earlier, not all turntables will feature systems like the one above. If your record player or turntable does not include a phono stage, you will need an external preamp.

    The Pyle Phono Attachable Preamp is the perfect addition to your turntable setup. This external preamp costs less than $20.

    Get the Pyle Phono Attachable Preamp from Amazon here.

    Pyle Phono Turntable Preamp - Mini Electronic Audio Stereo Phonograph Preamplifier with RCA Input, RCA Output & Low Noise Operation Powered by 12 Volt DC Adapter (PP444)

    Sony 2.0-Ch. Stereo Receiver with Bluetooth

    Record players and turntables are not the only audio devices featuring a phono input. Stereo receivers occasionally have the phono input too!

    This allows you to play a phonograph through a stereo receiver. CDs and other audio devices are plugged into the normal audio input ports.

    This stereo even features BlueTooth connectivity for increased audio abilities. Add the Sony 2.0-Ch. Stereo Receiver to your audio player collection from BestBuy here.

    4-Way RCA / Phono Line Amp Router Audio Switcher Selector Splitter

    Like the Sony option above, the 4-Way RCA / Phono Line Amp Router Audio Switcher Selector Splitter allows listeners to switch between their source of audio at the turn of a knob.

    It includes a phono input port and a phono stage to create undistorted audio and amplification.This Audio Switcher can support a DVD player, a tuner, a video player, and so much more. 

    Learn more about the 4-Way RCA / Phono Line Amp Router Audio Switcher Selector Splitter from Walmart here.

    H004 Hi-Fi Turntable Stereo Set

    This turntable is designed for the most dedicated vinyl listeners. The H004 Hi-Fi Turntable Stereo Set includes two BlueTooth speakers and a heavier platter for improved rotation and sound quality.

    This system will also appeal to listeners interested in upgrading or customizing their listening experience. 1 by One regards the H004 as a “Future-proof system.”

    Changing from line to phono can be done with the flick of a switch. 

    The H004 Hi-Fi Turntable Stereo Set also features a vinyl to MP3 recording system! Now you can transfer all your favorite vinyl to mp3 without a struggle.

    Because this system has more features than most turntables, it is a bit costly. However, it can be yours for less than $300.

    Get the H004 Hi-Fi Turntable Stereo Set from 1 by One here.

    TechPlay Analog Turntable

    While it is not costly to add a preamp to your turntable system, it is just simpler to purchase a turntable with the built-in system.

    The TechPlay Analog Turntable is one such system.  The TechPlay features a built-in preamp with a bypass selector to ensure your audio source is being read properly. 

    This turntable also features anti-shock legs to ensure your listening experience is not interrupted by movement around the machine. Not only does the TechPlay Analog Turntable play music well, but it also looks great.

    This system has a piano gloss finish and chrome accents. Additionally, the compact design ensures that the turntable can fit anywhere in your home. It also leaves room for speakers and other audio systems to surround it.

    Get the TechPlay Analog Turntable with a built-in phono preamp from Walmart by clicking here.

  • What is a Turntable Phono Preamp? We Explain

    What is a Turntable Phono Preamp? We Explain

    Turntables and records are making a comeback, and many people have vinyl record versions of their favorite albums. But now that they have a turntable for their vinyl records they are wondering if they need a turntable phono preamp. What is a turntable phono preamp?

    A turntable phono preamp is an electronic circuit that converts phono signals to line signals so the music coming from the vinyl record is clear. It helps increase the volume of the music coming from the record, and makes sound come out of speakers or stereo systems that are connected to turntables.

    Now that you know what turntable phono preamps are, you may be wondering if you need one if you have a turntable and how much they typically cost. Keep reading to find out.

    What is a Turntable Phono Preamp?

    Turntable phono preamps are electric circuits that helps boost the output of a vinyl record. They also equalize the output of a turntable so the sound that comes from the turntable is correct and sounds like it should. Some phono preamps are not included in turntables and are part of an external system, but most modern turntables have a phono preamp included in the turntable system. (Source)

    Phono preamps make the sound quality of a vinyl record better. They make the record sound more similar to the sound that a CD or tape would produce so people don’t think that the sound that a CD and a vinyl record are really different, although there are differences in the sound that each of them produce.

    When a turntable plays a vinyl record, they produce a phono output signal that needs to be converted to a line level signal, otherwise known as an AUX signal, in order for the music to be played through speakers or another sound system. Phono preamps receive the phono output signal and convert it to a line level signal so it can be played, and you can hear the music that you are playing on the turntable. (Source)

    Phono preamps also emphasize the high and low frequencies that hide the sound that the turntable needle makes as the vinyl record spins so you can hear the music clearly, without any irritating scratching noise that will make the music less appealing.

    A phono preamp is also known as a phono stage. When turntables were used in almost every household, a phono preamp was included in the turntable system so it was easy to use the turntable and no one had to purchase extra parts in order to play their music.

    However, as tapes and CDs became popular and people nearly stopped purchasing turntables altogether, companies removed the phono preamp system in order to save money. Now that turntables are making a comeback and people are purchasing turntables to play their vinyl records, companies have put the phono preamp system back into them. However, not all companies put the phono preamp system in turntables, as it is cheaper for them to leave it out. (Source)

    Most phono preamps nowadays reduce the amount of hissing and rumbles that are commonly heard when a vinyl record is played. This makes it so the music playing is clear and of a high quality.

    Most phono preamps are small and compact so you can keep them stowed away when you aren’t using your turntable. If you have a turntable and need a separate phono preamp, make sure that you purchase one that works for your turntable. Although most phono preamps nowadays work with both moving magnetic (MM) and moving coil (MC) turntable systems, before you purchase one make sure that it works with the turntable system that you have.

    Do I Need a Turntable Phono Preamp?

    You need a turntable phono preamp if your turntable does not have the system already included in it. If your turntable system has a USB or has a phono preamp system already included, then you don’t need to worry about purchasing a separate phono preamp system.

    Separate phono preamps are necessary if the turntable system does not have it included because they make the sound of the vinyl record the turntable is playing louder and clearer than if the phono preamp system was not included, so they are necessary if you want to hear your music clearly while using a turntable system. (Source)

    According to Reddit users, you don’t need a separate phono preamp system if your turntable system already has it, as it won’t make much of a difference in the sound quality. When you connect a phono preamp to a turntable system that already has it included, it doesn’t change anything because there is nothing to change, so the sound quality doesn’t improve as it can’t be improved. (Source)

    Some turntables and speakers have phono preamps or something similar already included in them. Before you purchase a phono preamp, make sure your turntable or speakers don’t already have the system, as this will make the purchase of a phono preamp system useless.

    How Much Do Turntable Phono Preamps Cost?

    Turntable phono preamps can cost anywhere from $20 to $500. Most phono preamps can be connected to turntables, but some can’t so you will need to double check before you purchase one if you intend to use it with your turntable.

    However, some phono preamps can cost $20,000. These super expensive phono preamps are typically large and used by DJs and other people who work in the music industry.

    Luckily for people who don’t want to or can’t spend $20,000 or more on a phono preamp system, most high-quality phono preamp systems only cost between $20 and $200. It is very easy for you to find a phono preamp that is reasonably priced and helps produce a high quality sound.

    Most of the time, the more expensive the phono preamp system is, the better quality sound it will produce from your turntable, and the more you will be able to enjoy your vinyl records.

    Best Turntable Phono Preamps

    Now that you know what turntable phono preamps are and what they do, you may be wondering what the best phono preamps are and how much they cost. Keep reading to find out, and look into purchasing the ones that you are interested in purchasing.

    Schiit Mani Phono Preamp for MC and mm Cartridges

    The Schiit Mani Phono Preamp for MC and mm Cartridges is one of the best phono preamp machines on the market. It is rated 4.7 stars by consumers, and it costs $129, which is relatively cheap for a quality phono preamp machine.

    The Schiit Mani Phono Preamp for MC and mm Cartridges can be used with both MM and MC turntable machines, so you can use them with almost any type of turntable without worrying about whether or not it will work properly. It has a 2-year warranty.

    Click here if you would like to purchase the Schiit Mani Phono Preamp for MC and mm Cartridges machine.

    Pro-Ject Phono Box DC -Black Flexible Phono Preamp

    The Pro-Ject Phono Box DC -Black Flexible Phono Preamp is the best turntable phono preamp machine. it is rated 4.8 stars by consumers. The best part about this phono preamp machine is that it only costs $99, which is quite cheap for a quality phono preamp machine.

    The Pro-Ject Phono Box DC -Black Flexible Phono Preamp machine has gold-plated sockets that will not become corroded over time, which means you can use this machine for years to come, even if you use it frequently.

    The Pro-Ject Phono Box DC -Black Flexible Phono Preamp can be used by MM and MC turntable machines, so you can use your turntable no matter what system it uses. It produces a high-quality sound, so you can enjoy your vinyl records and hear the music clearly.

    If you would like to purchase the Pro-Ject Phono Box DC -Black Flexible Phono Preamp, click here.

    Rolls Bellari PA550

    The Rolls Bellari PA550 is a great phono preamp machine. It is rated 4.7 stars by consumers, and it only costs $129. It is encased in metal, so it is very durable and will not break easily even if it is dropped. This is a very portable machine, so you can take it anywhere you go, or stow it in a small place when you are not using it with your turntable.

    The Rolls Bellari PA550 can be used with headphones, so you can use your turntable with your headphones at night when others who live in the area are sleeping and it would otherwise be rude to use your turntable, even if you want to, as it would likely wake them up.

    The Rolls Bellari PA550 has rotary bass and treble controls on the front of it so you can customize the equalization of the music that is playing on your turntable. This feature is not available in most phono preamp machines, but it is a great feature because it allows you to customize your vinyl records and how you listen to them.

    If you would like to purchase the Rolls Bellari PA550, click here.

    Behringer Microphono PP400 Phono Preamp

    The Behringer Microphono PP400 Phono Preamp machine is a great phono preamp machine. It is rated 4.5 stars. However, the best part about this phono preamp machine is the price. It only costs $25, and it still helps your turntable produce great sound that you will very much enjoy.

    The The Behringer Microphono PP400 Phono Preamp is only 1.25 inches tall and 4 inches deep, which means that it is very compact and can be stored nearly anywhere when you are not using it, and it won’t take up a lot of space while you are using it.

    Click here if you would like to purchase the Behringer Microphono PP400 Phono Preamp machine.

    Cambridge Audio Phono Preamplifier

    The Cambridge Audio Phono Preamplifier is a great phono preamp machine. it is rated 4.7 stars by consumers and costs $179. It comes in a silver color, so it will blend in with many other silver devices that you have in your home.

    The Cambridge Audio Phono Preamplifier is one of the larger phono preamps on this list, but it is not large enough to be a hassle or take up too much room in your home. It looks sleek enough to keep out all of the time, even when you are not using your turntable. If weighs 1 pound so it can easily be moved if you need to, but you will likely not have to move it.

    The Cambridge Audio Phono Preamplifier will allow you to listen to your vinyl records and hear the music quite clearly, which everyone enjoys. Unfortunately, if only works with MM turntable machines, but as long as you have one it will work wonderfully. It has a 1 year warranty, and it will last for a long time after the warranty expires.

    if you would like to purchase the Cambridge Audio Phono Preamplifier, click here.

    Now that you know what the best turntable phono preamp machines available are, choose which one is best for you and your turntable, and enjoy the clear music that you will hear coming from your favorite vinyl records. Keep in mind that many turntables that have been made in recent years already have phono preamp systems installed, so you don’t need to purchase an extra one in order to properly enjoy your vinyl records.

    Any of these phono preamp machines on this list will work wonderfully, but it is up to you which machine you choose to use. As the machines listed cost a variety of prices, but are all high quality, it is up to you to choose which one fits your budget the best, and which one will work well with your turntable that does not already have a phono preamp system installed or included already. Remember, phono preamp machines aren’t necessary if the turntable already has a phono preamp system included in the turntable’s software or machinery.

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  • The History of Record Players, Turntables, and Vinyl Records

    The History of Record Players, Turntables, and Vinyl Records

    Music is a staple for all of human civilization, and it plays a large role in culture and history. In the scope of all of human history, it is astounding that we have only been able to record sound for the last century. It is nearly impossible to imagine a time of not being able to listen to your favorite song at will, and it is obvious we have come a long way from live music being the only way to enjoy it.

    Record players were invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. After Edison’s invention of the phonograph, other inventors improved his design to make the machine more effective. In the 1950s when vinyl records were mass-produced, record players became the main method of listening to music.

    The history of record players is fascinating, and there is much to be known about it. Although every individual has experience with the record player, there are few that know about its rich history. If you want to learn more about the history of record players, turntables, and vinyls, then you will want to continue reading below.

    The Phonautograph

    Although Thomas Edison is credited with the invention of the record player, it is important to note that he was inspired by other inventions.

    One of these includes the phonautograph, which was invented by Edouard-Léon Scott de Martinville, twenty years prior to the phonograph. Without the phonautograph and knowing that recording sounds were possible, Edison would have found it difficult to invent the phonograph.

    Edouard-Léon Scott de Martinville had the idea of recording sound. In layman’s terms, he viewed recording sound the same as photographing a word. Although no one had done it yet, he knew it was possible.

    Scott began to work on his creation, and by 1857, an association for new technologies, SEIN, became interested in his concept. Scott began working with them and eventually others to make the phonautograph. By 1860, Scott had successfully made a machine where self-recording was possible.

    The Phonograph

    Due to the phonautograph that was invented by Edouard-Léon Scott de Martinville, it was known that recording sounds was possible. However, playing back these sounds had not yet been done. Sounds were visualized and produced on paper, however, they could not yet be heard. It was not until twenty years after the invention of the phonautograph that sounds could be played back.

    In 1877, the phonograph was invented by Thomas Edison. The invention was a cylinder that was wrapped in tin foil and that was turned by hand with a crank. The machine consisted of two different needles, one that was for recording sounds to the tin foil, and the other that was used for replaying the sounds originally recorded. Although the tin foil was far from ideal, it was the best option currently known. Indentations were made into the foil, and it was effective at its purpose. Over time it underwent revisions that made it even more worthwhile.

    It was not until Edison reversed his original process that he was able to hear the words he recorded play out loud. Edison first recorded the nursery rhyme “Mary Had a Little Lamb”, which was an impressive feat for its time. In 1878, he became officially patented with the invention. The patent was well deserved, as Edison carved the way for future record players.

    Despite how important this invention was, it was not Edison’s most profitable discovery. The phonograph was not nearly as popular as Edison expected. Edison suspected that the phonograph would do well and was surprised when it did not. He was proud of his invention, however, he moved on to other projects in hopes that one of them would succeed.

    Although the phonograph was not especially popular, it laid the foundation for record players. Other inventors took what Edison did with the phonograph, and perfected it in a way that made it desirable to the public.

    Thomas Edison’s invention was undoubtedly a monumental discovery. Because of him, other inventors now knew that the playback of sound was possible. After Edison’s invention did not prove to be as popular with the public as expected, others took it upon themselves to improve the machine so more people would be interested in it.

    One of these inventors was Alexander Graham Bell. Bell’s intentions were to improve the design of the phonograph and make it more effective for users. Edison and Bell had always been competitors. They oftentimes played off of each other’s inventions, and it was no different with the phonograph. Bell once wished to work with Edison on the improvement of the phonograph, but Edison stubbornly refused.

    Because of Edison’s refusal to collaborate, Bell was forced to work on the improvements himself. Bell sought a more durable machine, which is exactly what he got. The current design was using tin foil, and this was less than desirable. The tinfoil was fragile, and so Bell immediately wanted a better medium. Rather than using foil, Bell used wax, which proved to be successful in terms of durability.

    There was fierce competition when it came to the phonograph. Everyone was surprised by how Edison made it possible to playback sounds, and so they were all trying to perfect the machine. This made is as to where multiple credible inventors were competing against each other at the same time. Because of the phonograph, Edison had created a culture of competition amongst fellow inventors. It was only a matter of time before one of them hit the mark and would further escalate the capabilities of the record player.

    The Gramophone

    According to the Library of Congress, Emile Berliner is credited with the invention of the gramophone. Berliner was fascinated by Edison’s invention of the phonograph, and also by the graphophone. He used a combination of the techniques that were used for these machines and also used his own unique methods to create what is now known as the gramophone.

    By 1896, the gramophone was available for purchase. The Berliner Gramophone Company of Philadelphia was created, and its goal was to sell and distribute the product.

    However, on September 29, 1897, a tragic fire occurred at the laboratory of the gramophone company. All the gramophones were burned, and all the equipment had to be replaced. This was an unexpected setback for the gramophone, and it was difficult for the company to recover.

    Although the fire was a setback for the gramophone, the company eventually recovered. The gramophone become a success and was eventually sold throughout the world. The gramophone caught the attention of many, and Berliner began to face many competitors. Despite multiple lawsuits revolving around the gramophone, its invention remained influential. Due to Berliner’s gramophone, the record industry was transformed.

    When Were Vinyl Records Popular?

    Records existed long before the classic vinyl. What we know today as a vital part of the record player did not always exist. Instead, other types of records were used until the vinyl was discovered.

    Before vinyl records, shellac records were used. However, shellac records were only able to hold two songs. One song could be recorded on each side, which made records in general very ineffective. Those who were passionate about music made it work, but they longed for a more practical way of listening to music.

    Thankfully, Peter Carl Goldmark came to the rescue in 1948. Goldmark invented the Long Play records, which allowed more music to be held on records than ever before. Not only did he allow for more music to be held on a single record, but he also increased the overall sound quality. Vinyl records quickly replaced the original shellac records, and thus began the popularity of records.

    The Downfall of the Record Player

    Record players transformed how music lovers could listen to music. They were now able to listen to music whenever they wanted with ease, as long as they were in their home. However, individuals could not yet listen to music when they are on the go. Although they could listen to music in the comfort of their homes, there still was room for improvement when it came to listening to music in various locations.

    The downfall of the record player came when the Sony Walkman was invented. On July 1, 1979, the Walkman demonstrated how it was a breakthrough technology.

    The compact size of the Walkman made it possible for individuals to listen to music wherever they were at. They quickly replaced the need for record players as cassette players could be used anywhere. Record players were more inconvenient as they were so large and could only be used in homes.

    The Sony Walkman dominated the 1980s and 1990s. Everyone had one, and those of all ages could use them. Not only the younger generation used them, but individuals of every generation could. The cassette player became a way for all lovers of music to bond, as they could be used anywhere and everywhere.

    After the Walkman, the CD started to gain popularity. CDs were invented in 1979 just like the Walkman, but they did not become available to the public until 1982. The CD was extremely effective, even more so than the Walkman. During the 1990s, CDs began to climb in popularity. Once more people learned about them and realized how much music they could hold, they stopped using cassette players. By the 2000s, CD players replaced cassette players. This was of no surprise, due to how much storage is available on CDs.

    The CD player overtook both record players and cassettes. Rather than having cassette players, cars became furnished with CD players. No matter where you were, you could find a place to play your CD, and that continued to be the main form of listening to music until online music was invented.

    Record Players Today

    In most cases, once newer technology is invented, the old one never comes back. It goes extinct, because the more advanced machines overpower the old ones, and there is no reason to downgrade. New technology is always up and coming, and individuals try to not live in the past. They want to continue moving forward and it is not common to go back and use old technologies.

    This is true for nearly every source of technology except for the record player/turntable. After nearly everyone had gotten rid of their original record player, individuals started to miss it. After thirty years of using more advanced technologies to listen to music, individuals started to long to listen to their classic vinyl records. They wanted to once again hear its classic sound, and it became a source of nostalgia for the older generation.

    Although the older generation wanted to use record players/turntables because it was what they grew up with, the rising generation had an alternative motive. For them, vinyl records were new and had the classic vintage aesthetic that is becoming increasingly popular. The younger generations did not live in an era where record players were popular, but thanks to its now high marketability, they can feel as though they did.

    Nearly every artist today releases a vinyl version of their album. Artists know their vinyls are in high demand with younger generations, so they use this to their advantage. Now they can sell their albums digitally, on CDs, and on vinyl records. This allows them to get three times the amount of sales that artists used to. According to The Manual, 2020 was the first time in years that vinyl records outsold CDs. This is a surprising time in history, as no one would have ever expected that vinyl records would be able to maintain being such an influential part of history.

    While younger generations still use more updated forms of technology, it is no question that they enjoy record players. They listen to them almost as often as individuals did in the ’50s. Record players and vinyl records making a comeback prove how influential their creations were, and makes it difficult to doubt that they will never go out of style.

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